Antigravity Agent
126 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
126 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: android-navigation-compose
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title: Android Navigation (Compose) — 타입 안전 라우팅
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category: Coding
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status: draft
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source_trust_level: B
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verification_status: conceptual
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created_at: 2026-05-09
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updated_at: 2026-05-09
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tags: [android, navigation, compose, vibe-coding]
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tech_stack: { language: "Kotlin / Navigation-Compose 2.8+", applicable_to: ["Android"] }
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applied_in: []
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aliases: [NavController, NavGraph, type-safe routes, deep link]
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---
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# Android Navigation (Compose)
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> Navigation-Compose 2.8+ 의 **타입 안전 routes** (Kotlin Serialization). 옛 string route 시대는 끝. **NavGraph 분할 + 단방향 dependency** 가 modular 앱의 표준.
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## 📖 핵심 개념
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- 각 destination = `@Serializable` data class.
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- NavController.navigate(Object) — 타입 안전.
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- 인자 자동 SavedStateHandle 주입.
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- Deep link, animation, nested graph 모두 지원.
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## 💻 코드 패턴
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### 타입 안전 destination
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```kotlin
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@Serializable data object HomeRoute
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@Serializable data class ProfileRoute(val userId: String)
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@Serializable data class OrderRoute(val orderId: String, val highlight: Boolean = false)
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```
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### NavHost + composable
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```kotlin
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@Composable
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fun AppNav(nav: NavHostController) {
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NavHost(navController = nav, startDestination = HomeRoute) {
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composable<HomeRoute> {
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HomeScreen(onUserClick = { id -> nav.navigate(ProfileRoute(id)) })
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}
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composable<ProfileRoute> { entry ->
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val args = entry.toRoute<ProfileRoute>()
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ProfileScreen(userId = args.userId, onBack = { nav.popBackStack() })
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}
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composable<OrderRoute> { entry ->
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val args = entry.toRoute<OrderRoute>()
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OrderScreen(args.orderId, args.highlight)
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### ViewModel 자동 인자 주입
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```kotlin
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@HiltViewModel
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class ProfileViewModel @Inject constructor(
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savedState: SavedStateHandle,
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private val repo: UserRepo,
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) : ViewModel() {
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private val args: ProfileRoute = savedState.toRoute()
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val userFlow = repo.observe(args.userId)
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}
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```
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### Nested graph (모듈)
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```kotlin
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fun NavGraphBuilder.authGraph(nav: NavController) {
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navigation<AuthGraph>(startDestination = LoginRoute) {
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composable<LoginRoute> { LoginScreen(onSuccess = { nav.navigate(HomeRoute) { popUpTo<AuthGraph> { inclusive = true } } }) }
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composable<SignupRoute> { SignupScreen() }
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}
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}
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@Serializable data object AuthGraph
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@Serializable data object LoginRoute
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@Serializable data object SignupRoute
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```
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### Deep link
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```kotlin
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composable<OrderRoute>(
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deepLinks = listOf(navDeepLink<OrderRoute>(basePath = "https://example.com/orders"))
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) { ... }
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```
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URL `https://example.com/orders/123?highlight=true` → OrderRoute(orderId="123", highlight=true).
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### Pop / 백스택 관리
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```kotlin
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nav.navigate(HomeRoute) {
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popUpTo<AuthGraph> { inclusive = true } // login graph 모두 pop
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launchSingleTop = true // 같은 destination 재진입 안 함
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}
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nav.popBackStack()
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nav.popBackStack(route = HomeRoute, inclusive = false) // 특정 destination 까지 pop
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```
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## 🤔 의사결정 기준
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| 상황 | 권장 |
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|---|---|
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| 신규 Android Compose | navigation-compose 2.8+ + 타입 안전 routes |
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| 큰 앱 모듈화 | nested graph per feature module |
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| Deep link / 외부 호출 | deepLinks block |
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| Multi-platform (KMM) | Decompose / Voyager |
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| Tab + per-tab back stack | rememberNavController 별 또는 BottomNav + saveState |
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **String route + manual encoding**: 옛 패턴. 2.8+ 의 typed routes.
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- **모든 destination 한 NavGraphBuilder**: 거대 파일. nested graph 로 모듈 분리.
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- **navigate 후 popBackStack 잊음**: 백스택 누적.
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- **ViewModel 에 NavController 주입**: lifecycle 불일치 + 테스트 어려움. Composable 에서 callback.
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- **Activity 가 NavController 보유 + Fragment 가 별도**: 동기화 깨짐.
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- **deeplink path 안에 user id**: 인증 안 된 사용자가 직접 호출 → 권한 검증 필수.
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- **animation 무시**: 기본 fade 만 — UX 평범. enterTransition / exitTransition.
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## 🤖 LLM 활용 힌트
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- @Serializable data class destination + composable<Route> + entry.toRoute().
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- ViewModel 은 SavedStateHandle.toRoute() 로 인자.
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## 🔗 관련 문서
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- [[Android_Compose_State_Hoisting]]
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- [[Android_Modularization]]
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