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이름만 다른(표기 변형) [[위키링크]]를 대상 문서의 canonical 제목으로 치환해 끊겼던 1,200개 링크를 연결. 제목/파일명 정규화 일치만 적용하고 별칭 매칭은 과병합 위험으로 제외(애매성 가드). 원본은 _link_reconcile_backup/ 에 백업. 도구: Datacollect/scripts/link_reconcile_apply.mjs Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
215 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
215 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: wiki-2026-0508-atmospheric-intelligence
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title: Atmospheric Intelligence (Ambient AI)
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category: 10_Wiki/Topics
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status: verified
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canonical_id: self
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aliases: [ambient AI, 앰비언트 인텔리전스, ambient intelligence, ubiquitous computing, zero-UI, spatial computing]
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duplicate_of: none
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source_trust_level: B
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confidence_score: 0.83
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verification_status: conceptual
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tags: [ambient-ai, iot, smart-home, edge-ai, zero-ui, privacy, matter, ubiquitous-computing]
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raw_sources: []
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last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
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github_commit: pending
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tech_stack:
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language: TypeScript / Python / C++
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framework: Matter / HomeKit / Home Assistant / Edge AI
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---
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# Atmospheric Intelligence (Ambient AI)
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## 📌 한 줄 통찰
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> **"공기 처럼 스며든 지능"**. 매 screen / button X — 매 environment 자체 의 interface. 매 Matter / edge AI / privacy 의 결합. 매 user 의 의식 X 의 benefit 의 enable.
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## 📖 핵심
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### 매 3 element (ISTAG, 2001)
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1. **Sensitivity**: 매 sensor network → 매 context 인지.
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2. **Responsiveness**: 매 implicit / explicit 의 즉각 반응.
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3. **Adaptive learning**: 매 user habit 의 자연 학습.
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### 매 evolution
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| 단계 | Era | 매 interface |
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|---|---|---|
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| Mainframe | 1960s | 매 batch |
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| PC | 1980s | 매 keyboard / mouse |
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| Mobile | 2010s | 매 touch |
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| Spatial / Ambient | 2020s+ | 매 voice + gesture + context |
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| Zero-UI | now | 매 invisible |
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### 매 component
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#### Sensor
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- **Motion / presence**: PIR, mmWave radar (privacy 친화).
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- **Audio**: 매 wake word (Alexa, Siri).
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- **Camera**: 매 vision (privacy 의 sensitive).
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- **Environmental**: temp / humidity / CO2 / VOC.
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- **Wearable**: heart rate, accelerometer.
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- **Smartphone**: location, accelerometer, app context.
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#### Edge AI
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- 매 cloud round-trip X.
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- 매 latency < 100ms.
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- 매 privacy 의 local.
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- 매 hardware: Apple Neural Engine, Google Edge TPU, NVIDIA Jetson.
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#### Standard
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- **Matter** (formerly CHIP): cross-vendor smart home.
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- **Thread** (mesh networking).
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- **Zigbee** / **Z-Wave** (legacy).
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- **HAP** (HomeKit).
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#### LLM 의 ambient
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- 매 voice assistant 의 next gen.
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- 매 always-on (privacy 의 challenge).
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- 매 small model (Phi, Gemma) on-device.
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- 매 multimodal (vision + voice).
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### 매 use case
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1. **Smart home**: 매 lighting, 매 climate, 매 entry.
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2. **Health monitoring**: 매 wearable + AI.
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3. **Office productivity**: 매 occupancy, 매 booking.
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4. **Retail**: 매 customer flow, 매 dwell time.
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5. **Elderly care**: 매 fall detection, 매 routine.
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6. **Vehicle**: 매 driver state, 매 passenger comfort.
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### 매 privacy challenge
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- **Always-on listening**: 매 wake word 의 false trigger.
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- **Camera / vision**: 매 most invasive.
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- **Profiling**: 매 routine 의 reveal sensitive (medical, sleep, sex).
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- **Data aggregation**: 매 silent leak.
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- **Surveillance creep**: 매 state / corp.
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### 매 mitigation
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- **On-device inference**: 매 raw data 의 leave 의 X.
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- **Federated learning**: 매 model update 만.
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- **Differential privacy**: 매 noise.
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- **User control**: 매 mic mute, 매 camera shutter (Apple).
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- **Data minimization**: 매 keep 최소.
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- **Audit log**: 매 user 의 visibility.
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## 💻 패턴
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### Matter (cross-vendor)
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```python
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# 매 Matter device 의 commission (Python SDK)
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from chip import controller
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devnode = controller.commission(
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setup_pin_code=20202021,
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discriminator=3840,
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network='Thread',
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)
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# 매 device 의 fabric 에 add.
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# 매 across-vendor (Apple Home + Google Home + SmartThings).
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```
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### Home Assistant automation (YAML)
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```yaml
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automation:
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- alias: "매 morning routine"
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trigger:
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- platform: state
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entity_id: binary_sensor.bedroom_motion
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to: 'on'
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condition:
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- condition: time
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after: '06:00'
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before: '09:00'
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- condition: state
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entity_id: input_boolean.weekday
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state: 'on'
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action:
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- service: light.turn_on
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target: { entity_id: light.bedroom }
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data: { brightness_pct: 30, color_temp: 350 }
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- service: media_player.play_media
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target: { entity_id: media_player.bedroom_speaker }
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data: { media_content_id: spotify:playlist:morning }
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```
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### Edge inference (TensorFlow Lite)
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```python
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import tflite_runtime.interpreter as tflite
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interpreter = tflite.Interpreter(model_path='gesture.tflite')
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interpreter.allocate_tensors()
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def detect_gesture(camera_frame):
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interpreter.set_tensor(0, preprocess(camera_frame))
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interpreter.invoke()
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return interpreter.get_tensor(output_details[0]['index'])
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# 매 raw frame 의 leave 의 X — 매 label 만.
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```
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### Privacy-preserving presence
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```python
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# 매 mmWave radar (no camera)
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def detect_presence(radar_frame):
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# 매 person 의 presence + count + 매 fall
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# 매 identity X — 매 raw data X
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return presence_count, fall_alert
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# Apple Watch 의 fall detection 의 same approach.
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```
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### Wake-word + on-device
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```python
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import openwakeword
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owwModel = openwakeword.Model(wakeword_models=['hey_jarvis'])
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def listen():
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while True:
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audio_chunk = mic.read(0.5)
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prediction = owwModel.predict(audio_chunk)
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if prediction['hey_jarvis'] > 0.5:
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trigger_assistant() # 매 cloud 시작
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```
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→ 매 wake word 까지 매 on-device. 매 cloud 의 explicit consent.
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## 🤔 결정 기준
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| 상황 | Approach |
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|---|---|
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| Smart home | Matter + Home Assistant |
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| Privacy-critical | Edge AI + on-device |
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| Cross-vendor | Matter |
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| Voice assistant | Wake word (local) + cloud |
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| Health monitoring | Wearable + edge ML |
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| Elderly care | mmWave (no camera) |
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**기본값**: 매 edge-first + 매 user control + 매 minimum data.
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## 🔗 Graph
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- 부모: [[Ubiquitous-Computing]] · [[HCI]] · [[클라우드 인프라 및 IaC 운영 표준|IoT]]
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- 변형: [[Spatial Computing]] · [[Zero-UI]]
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- 응용: [[Edge-AI]]
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- Adjacent: [[Privacy]] · [[Federated-Learning]] · [[Differential-Privacy]]
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## 🤖 LLM 활용
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**언제**: 매 ambient device design. 매 smart home automation. 매 IoT privacy review. 매 voice assistant integration.
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**언제 X**: 매 explicit user attention 필요 task. 매 highly visual interaction.
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **Camera-first**: 매 most invasive 의 default.
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- **Cloud-everything**: 매 latency + privacy + offline 의 fail.
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- **No mute / shutter**: 매 user control X.
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- **Vendor lock-in**: 매 Matter X.
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- **Profiling 의 broad**: 매 sensitive routine 의 leak.
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- **No data minimization**: 매 silent 의 hoard.
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## 🧪 검증 / 중복
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- Verified (Matter spec, Apple HomeKit, Google Nest).
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- 신뢰도 B.
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- Related: [[Smart-Home]] · [[Edge-AI]] · [[Privacy]] · [[Matter]].
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## 🕓 Changelog
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| 날짜 | 변경 |
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|---|---|
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| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
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| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — sensor + Matter + Edge AI + privacy mitigation |
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