2nd/10_Wiki/Topic_JavaScript/JavaScript_Functions.md

---
id: javascript-functions
title: "JavaScript Functions"
category: "Frontend"
status: "draft"
verification_status: "conceptual"
canonical_id: ""
aliases: ["functions", "function declaration", "reusable code blocks", "function syntax", "local variables", "functions as variables"]
duplicate_of: ""
source_trust_level: "B"
confidence_score: 0.87
created_at: 2026-06-23
updated_at: 2026-06-23
review_reason: ""
merge_history: []
tags: ["javascript", "js", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "functions"]
raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_functions.asp"]
applied_in: []
github_commit: ""
---

# [[JavaScript Functions]]

## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
A JavaScript function is a reusable block of code designed for a particular task that runs only when it is called — write it once, run it many times. [S1]

## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
- **Functions are reusable code blocks** designed to perform a particular task; they execute when they are called or invoked. [S1]
- **Why use functions** — to reuse code (write once, run many times) and to organize code into manageable sections. [S1]
- **Declaration syntax** — the `function` keyword, a name, a parenthesized parameter list, and a body in curly braces. [S1]
- **Functions run when called** — the code inside runs only when something invokes the function with `()`. [S1]
- **Local variables** — variables declared inside a function can only be accessed from within it; they are created when the function starts and deleted when it completes. [S1]
- **Functions used as variables** — a function call can be used anywhere a value is expected, including inside string concatenation. [S1]

## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
- **Define → call** — declare a named function, then invoke it by name with parentheses to run its body. [S1]
- **Parameterize for reuse** — accept parameters so the same function works on different inputs (`add(5, 5)`, `add(50, 50)`). [S1]
- **Call as a value** — substitute a function call directly into an expression instead of storing it first. [S1]

## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
**Functions are Code Blocks** — functions are reusable code blocks designed to perform a particular task; they execute when they are called or invoked. [S1]

**Why Use Functions?** — functions let you reuse code (write once, run many times) and organize code into manageable sections. [S1]

**JavaScript Function Syntax** — a function is defined with the `function` keyword, a name, parameters in parentheses, and a body in curly braces: [S1]
```javascript
function name( p1, p2, ... ) {
  // code to be executed
}
```

**What Does a Function Look Like?** — a basic function declaration: [S1]
```javascript
function sayHello() {
  return "Hello World";
}
```

**Functions Run When You Call Them** — the function body runs when it is invoked, and its returned value can be stored: [S1]
```javascript
function sayHello() {
  return "Hello World";
}

let message = sayHello();
```

A function with parameters: [S1]
```javascript
function multiply(a, b) {
  return a * b;
}
```

**A Function Can Be Used Many Times** — the same definition is reused with different arguments: [S1]
```javascript
function add(a, b) {
  return a + b;
}

let sum1 = add(5, 5);
let sum2 = add(50, 50);
```

**Local Variables** — variables declared inside a function can only be accessed from within the function; they are created when the function starts and deleted when it completes: [S1]
```javascript
// code here can NOT use carName

function myFunction() {
  let carName = "Volvo";
  // code here CAN use carName
}

// code here can NOT use carName
```

**Functions Used as Variables** — a function call can be used directly inside an expression: [S1]
```javascript
let x = toCelsius(77);
let text = "The temperature is " + x + " Celsius";
```
And the call can be inlined directly: [S1]
```javascript
let text = "The temperature is " + toCelsius(77) + " Celsius";
```

## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
The page's own snippets are the canonical applied examples — `sayHello()`, `multiply(a, b)`, the reusable `add(a, b)`, the local-variable `myFunction()`, and the `toCelsius(77)` usage inside a string. No external project/commit applications found in the source.

## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
Declare and call a function (language: JavaScript):
```javascript
function sayHello() {
  return "Hello World";
}

let message = sayHello();
```
Reuse with parameters:
```javascript
function add(a, b) {
  return a + b;
}

let sum1 = add(5, 5);
let sum2 = add(50, 50);
```
Use a function call as a value:
```javascript
let text = "The temperature is " + toCelsius(77) + " Celsius";
```

## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
No contradictions found in the source.

## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
- **상태:** draft
- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
- **신뢰 점수:** 0.87
- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)

## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
- **상위/루트:** [[JavaScript Tutorial]]
- **관련 개념:** [[JavaScript Function Definitions]], [[JavaScript Function Invocation]], [[JavaScript Function Parameters]], [[JavaScript Function Returns]]
- **참조 맥락:** The entry point referenced whenever packaging reusable behavior into named, callable blocks.

## 📚 출처 (Sources)
- [S1] W3Schools — JavaScript Functions — https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_functions.asp

## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "JavaScript Functions" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).