2nd/10_Wiki/Topic_CSS/CSS_Text_Effects.md

---
id: css-text-effects
title: "CSS Text Effects"
category: "Frontend"
status: "draft"
verification_status: "conceptual"
canonical_id: ""
aliases: ["text-overflow", "word-wrap", "word-break", "writing-mode", "CSS text effects"]
duplicate_of: ""
source_trust_level: "B"
confidence_score: 0.88
created_at: 2026-06-23
updated_at: 2026-06-23
review_reason: ""
merge_history: []
tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "text-effects", "text-overflow", "typography"]
raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_text_effects.asp"]
applied_in: []
github_commit: ""
---

# [[CSS Text Effects]]

## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
CSS text-effect properties control how text behaves at its boundaries — signaling overflow (`text-overflow`), breaking long words (`word-wrap`/`word-break`), and orienting lines horizontally or vertically (`writing-mode`). [S1]

## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
- **`text-overflow`** — specifies how overflowed content that is not displayed should be signaled to the user. [S1]
- **`text-overflow` prerequisites** — it relies on `white-space: nowrap;` and `overflow: hidden;` being set. [S1]
- **`word-wrap`** — allows long words to be broken and wrapped onto the next line. [S1]
- **`word-break`** — specifies line breaking rules for non-CJK scripts; values include `normal`, `break-all`, and `keep-all`. [S1]
- **`writing-mode`** — specifies whether lines of text are laid out horizontally or vertically. [S1]

## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
- **Overflow-signal pattern** — `white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: clip | ellipsis;`. [S1]
- **Long-word-wrap pattern** — `word-wrap: break-word;` to break unbreakable words. [S1]
- **Break-rule pattern** — `word-break: break-all;` to break at any character. [S1]
- **Orientation pattern** — `writing-mode: vertical-rl;` to lay text vertically. [S1]

## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
**CSS Text Overflow** [S1]
The `text-overflow` property specifies how overflowed content that is not displayed should be signaled to the user. It works with `white-space: nowrap;` and `overflow: hidden;`.

Clipped content:
```css
p.test1 {
  width: 200px;
  border: 1px solid #000000;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: clip;
}
```
Ellipsis:
```css
p.test2 {
  width: 200px;
  border: 1px solid #000000;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
```

**CSS Word Wrapping** [S1]
The `word-wrap` property allows long words to be broken and wrapped onto the next line:
```css
p {
  word-wrap: break-word;
}
```

**CSS Word Breaking** [S1]
The `word-break` property specifies line breaking rules:
```css
p.test1 {
  word-break: normal;
}

p.test2 {
  word-break: break-all;
}
```

**CSS Writing Mode** [S1]
The `writing-mode` property specifies whether lines of text are laid out horizontally or vertically:
```css
p.test1 {
  writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
}

span {
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}

p.test2 {
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}
```

**CSS Text Effect Properties reference** [S1]
The page includes a table listing the text-effect properties: `text-justify`, `text-overflow`, `word-break`, `word-wrap`, and `writing-mode`, each with a brief description of its function.

## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
The page's own demonstrations (`p.test1`/`p.test2`, `span`, and `p` elements showing clip/ellipsis overflow, word wrapping, word breaking, and writing modes) serve as the applied examples. No external project/commit applications found in the source.

## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
Truncate with ellipsis (language: CSS):
```css
p.test2 {
  width: 200px;
  border: 1px solid #000000;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
```
Break long words:
```css
p {
  word-wrap: break-word;
}
```
Vertical text:
```css
span {
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}
```

## ⚖️ 비교 및 선택 기준 (Comparison & decision criteria)
- **`text-overflow: clip` vs `ellipsis`** — `clip` simply cuts off the overflowed text; `ellipsis` signals the truncation with a "…". Both require `white-space: nowrap;` and `overflow: hidden;`. [S1]
- **`word-wrap` vs `word-break`** — `word-wrap: break-word` breaks long words only when needed to wrap; `word-break: break-all` breaks between any characters. [S1]
- **`writing-mode` horizontal-tb vs vertical-rl** — choose `horizontal-tb` for normal horizontal flow and `vertical-rl` for vertically laid-out lines. [S1]

## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
No contradictions found in the source.

## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
- **상태:** draft
- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
- **신뢰 점수:** 0.88
- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)

## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Text Shadow Effects]], [[CSS Custom Fonts]], [[CSS Box Shadow]]
- **참조 맥락:** Referenced when controlling how text truncates, wraps, breaks, or orients in constrained layouts.

## 📚 출처 (Sources)
- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Text Effects — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_text_effects.asp

## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Text Effects" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).