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W3Schools 튜토리얼을 P-Reinforce v3.1 포맷으로 위키화(영어 본문, 한/영 섹션 헤더). - Topic_HTML: 59문서 (튜토리얼+예제, 레퍼런스/메타 제외) - Topic_CSS: 190문서 (메인 + Advanced/Flexbox/Grid/RWD 전체) - Topic_JavaScript: 120문서 (코어 언어; Temporal/DOM상세/BOM/WebAPI/AJAX/jQuery/Graphics 등은 후속) 각 폴더 00_INDEX.md(MOC) 포함. 코드 verbatim, 미확인분은 "Not found in source" 표기. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
127 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
127 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: css-media-queries
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title: "CSS Media Queries"
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category: "Frontend"
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status: "draft"
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verification_status: "conceptual"
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canonical_id: ""
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aliases: ["@media rule", "media query", "responsive breakpoints", "min-width max-width CSS", "media types features"]
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duplicate_of: ""
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source_trust_level: "B"
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confidence_score: 0.88
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created_at: 2026-06-23
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updated_at: 2026-06-23
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review_reason: ""
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merge_history: []
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tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "media-queries", "responsive", "at-rules"]
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raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_mediaqueries.asp"]
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applied_in: []
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github_commit: ""
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---
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# [[CSS Media Queries]]
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## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
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CSS media queries apply styles conditionally based on a device's or environment's characteristics (such as viewport width), via the `@media` rule, making them essential for responsive web pages. [S1]
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## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
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- **What they do** — media queries allow you to apply styles based on the characteristics of the device or environment displaying the web page. [S1]
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- **Why they matter** — they are essential for creating responsive web pages. [S1]
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- **Mechanism** — the `@media` rule is used to implement media queries. [S1]
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- **Media type is optional** — the media-type is optional unless you use `not`. [S1]
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- **Combining conditions** — a query is true when the type matches and all listed features are true; `and` combines the type with features; `not` inverts the query. [S1]
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## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
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- **Conditional style block** — wrap rules in `@media … { … }` so they apply only when the conditions match. [S1]
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- **Mobile-then-up pattern** — use `min-width` to add styles as the viewport gets wider. [S1]
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- **Range pattern** — combine `min-width` and `max-width` with `and` to target a width range. [S1]
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## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
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CSS media queries allow you to apply styles based on the characteristics of a device or the environment displaying the web page, and are essential for creating responsive web pages. The `@media` rule is used to implement them. [S1]
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**Media query syntax** [S1]
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```css
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@media [not] media-type and (media-feature: value) and (media-feature: value) {
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/* CSS rules to apply */
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}
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```
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Key points: the media-type is optional unless using `not`; the query is true when the type matches and all features are true; `not` inverts the query; `and` combines the type with features. [S1]
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**CSS media types** [S1]
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| Value | Description |
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|-------|-------------|
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| `all` | All media type devices |
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| `print` | Print preview mode |
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| `screen` | Computer screens, tablets, smart-phones |
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**CSS media features** [S1]
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| Value | Description |
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|-------|-------------|
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| `max-height` | Maximum viewport height |
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| `min-height` | Minimum viewport height |
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| `height` | Viewport height (including scrollbar) |
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| `max-width` | Maximum viewport width |
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| `min-width` | Minimum viewport width |
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| `width` | Viewport width (including scrollbar) |
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| `orientation` | Landscape or portrait |
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| `resolution` | Screen resolution |
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| `prefers-color-scheme` | User's preferred color scheme (light/dark) |
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**Example 1 — change background if viewport is 480px or wider** [S1]
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```css
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@media screen and (min-width: 480px) {
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body {
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background-color: lightgreen;
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}
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}
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```
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**Example 2 — change background if viewport is between 480px and 768px** [S1]
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```css
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@media screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 768px) {
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body {
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background-color: lightgreen;
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}
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}
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```
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## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
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The page's applied examples set the `body` background to `lightgreen` once the viewport reaches `480px` (Example 1) and restrict that styling to the `480px–768px` range using `and` with both `min-width` and `max-width` (Example 2). No external project/commit applications found in the source.
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## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
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Width-up rule (language: CSS):
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```css
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@media screen and (min-width: 480px) {
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body { background-color: lightgreen; }
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}
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```
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Width-range rule (language: CSS):
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```css
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@media screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 768px) {
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body { background-color: lightgreen; }
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}
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```
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## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
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No contradictions found in the source.
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## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
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- **상태:** draft
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- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
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- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
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- **신뢰 점수:** 0.88
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- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
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## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
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- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
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- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Media Queries Examples]], [[CSS Variables in Media Queries]], [[CSS Flexbox]], [[CSS Box Sizing]]
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- **참조 맥락:** Referenced whenever styles must adapt to viewport size, orientation, print, or user color-scheme preference.
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## 📚 출처 (Sources)
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- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Media Queries — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_mediaqueries.asp
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## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
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- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Media Queries" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
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