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W3Schools 튜토리얼을 P-Reinforce v3.1 포맷으로 위키화(영어 본문, 한/영 섹션 헤더). - Topic_HTML: 59문서 (튜토리얼+예제, 레퍼런스/메타 제외) - Topic_CSS: 190문서 (메인 + Advanced/Flexbox/Grid/RWD 전체) - Topic_JavaScript: 120문서 (코어 언어; Temporal/DOM상세/BOM/WebAPI/AJAX/jQuery/Graphics 등은 후속) 각 폴더 00_INDEX.md(MOC) 포함. 코드 verbatim, 미확인분은 "Not found in source" 표기. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
258 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
258 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: css-image-modal
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title: "CSS Image Modal"
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category: "Frontend"
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status: "draft"
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verification_status: "conceptual"
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canonical_id: ""
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aliases: ["modal image", "image lightbox", "popup image", "responsive modal", "image gallery modal"]
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duplicate_of: ""
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source_trust_level: "B"
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confidence_score: 0.9
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created_at: 2026-06-23
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updated_at: 2026-06-23
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review_reason: ""
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merge_history: []
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tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "images", "modal"]
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raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_images_modal.asp"]
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applied_in: []
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github_commit: ""
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---
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# [[CSS Image Modal]]
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## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
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A modal image (lightbox) lets users click a gallery thumbnail to open a larger version in a full-screen overlay, built from a hidden fixed-position modal that JavaScript shows and hides. [S1]
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## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
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- **Modal overlay** — the modal is a full-viewport layer (`position: fixed`, `width: 100%`, `height: 100%`) hidden by default with `display: none` and shown via JavaScript. [S1]
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- **Dim backdrop** — a semi-transparent background `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)` and high `z-index: 1000` darken the page behind the enlarged image. [S1]
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- **Zoom-in animation** — a `@keyframes zoomIn` animation scales the modal content from `0.6` to `1` when it opens. [S1]
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- **Close control** — a `.close` "×" (`×`) element in the top-right corner closes the modal. [S1]
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- **Caption** — a `.caption` element shows the image's label, populated from the trigger's `onclick` argument. [S1]
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- **JavaScript control** — `openModal()` sets `display: "flex"` and adds a `show` class; `closeModal()` removes the class and hides the modal after a 300ms delay. [S1]
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## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
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- **Hidden fixed layer toggled by JS** — keep the modal `display: none`, then switch to a flex layout on demand to center the enlarged content. [S1]
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- **Class-driven transition + timed teardown** — add a `show` class to animate in, and on close remove it and use `setTimeout` so the exit transition finishes before `display: none`. [S1]
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- **Data passed via onclick args** — the gallery image's `onclick` passes the modal id and caption text directly into the handler. [S1]
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## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
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The W3Schools example builds a responsive modal image gallery in a single HTML document combining CSS and JavaScript. [S1]
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```html
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<style>
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* {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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box-sizing: border-box;
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}
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h1 {
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text-align: center;
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padding: 20px;
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}
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.gallery {
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display: flex;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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justify-content: flex-start;
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padding: 0 15px;
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}
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.gallery-item {
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position: relative;
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width: calc(25% - 20px);
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height: auto;
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margin: 10px;
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cursor: pointer;
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transition: transform 0.5s ease;
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}
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.gallery-item:hover {
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transform: scale(1.1);
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}
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/* The Modal (background) */
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.modal {
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display: none;
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position: fixed;
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z-index: 1000;
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left: 0;
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top: 0;
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width: 100%;
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height: 100%;
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background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
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align-items: center;
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justify-content: center;
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transition: opacity 0.5s ease;
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}
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/* Modal content (image) */
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.modal-content {
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position: relative;
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width: 90%;
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height: auto;
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max-width: 90%;
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max-height: 90%;
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border-radius: 5px;
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overflow: hidden;
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animation: zoomIn 0.5s;
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}
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@keyframes zoomIn {
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from {transform: scale(0.6);}
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to {transform: scale(1);}
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}
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.modal.show {
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display: flex;
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opacity: 1;
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}
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/* Close button */
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.close {
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position: absolute;
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top: 10px;
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right: 15px;
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color: #ffffff;
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font-size: 35px;
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font-weight: bold;
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cursor: pointer;
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transition: transform 0.3s;
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}
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/* Caption of modal image */
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.caption {
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position: absolute;
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bottom: 15px;
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width: 100%;
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text-align: center;
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color: #ffffff;
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font-size: 24px;
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}
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@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
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.gallery-item {
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width: calc(50% - 20px);
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}
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}
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@media screen and (max-width: 480px) {
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.gallery-item {
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width: calc(100% - 20px);
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}
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}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Responsive Modal Images</h1>
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<div class="gallery">
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<img src="img_5terre.jpg" alt="Cinque Terre" class="gallery-item" onclick="openModal('modal1', 'Cinque Terre')">
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<img src="img_forest.jpg" alt="Forest" class="gallery-item" onclick="openModal('modal2', 'Forest')">
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<img src="img_lights.jpg" alt="Northern Lights" class="gallery-item" onclick="openModal('modal3', 'Nothern Lights')">
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<img src="img_mountains.jpg" alt="Mountains" class="gallery-item" onclick="openModal('modal4', 'Mountains')">
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</div>
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<div id="modal1" class="modal">
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<span class="close" onclick="closeModal('modal1')">×</span>
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<img src="img_5terre.jpg" alt="Cinque Terre" class="modal-content">
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<div class="caption"></div>
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</div>
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<div id="modal2" class="modal">
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<span class="close" onclick="closeModal('modal2')">×</span>
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<img src="img_forest.jpg" alt="Forest" class="modal-content">
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<div class="caption"></div>
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</div>
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<div id="modal3" class="modal">
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<span class="close" onclick="closeModal('modal3')">×</span>
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<img src="img_lights.jpg" alt="Northern Lights" class="modal-content">
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<div class="caption"></div>
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</div>
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<div id="modal4" class="modal">
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<span class="close" onclick="closeModal('modal4')">×</span>
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<img src="img_mountains.jpg" alt="Mountains" class="modal-content">
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<div class="caption"></div>
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</div>
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<script>
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function openModal(modalId, caption) {
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let modal = document.getElementById(modalId);
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modal.style.display = "flex";
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modal.classList.add("show");
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let message = modal.querySelector(".caption");
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message.innerText = caption;
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}
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function closeModal(modalId) {
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let modal = document.getElementById(modalId);
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modal.classList.remove("show");
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setTimeout(function () {
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modal.style.display = "none";
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modal.querySelector(".caption").innerText = "";
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}, 300);
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}
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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**Key components**
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- **Modal container** — `display: none` initially, `position: fixed`, `z-index: 1000`, dark semi-transparent background `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)`. [S1]
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- **Animation** — zoom effect defined with `@keyframes zoomIn` scaling from `0.6` to `1`. [S1]
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- **JavaScript** — `openModal()` retrieves the element by id, sets display to `flex`, adds the `show` class, and populates the caption; `closeModal()` removes the `show` class and hides the modal after a 300ms delay. [S1]
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- **Responsive design** — media queries adjust gallery items from `25%` width (desktop) to `50%` (tablets, ≤768px) to `100%` (mobile, ≤480px). [S1]
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## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
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The full responsive modal-image gallery above is the source's applied case, integrating a flex gallery, a fixed overlay modal, a zoom animation, a close button, captions, and the open/close JavaScript. No external project/commit applications found in the source.
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## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
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Toggle-by-class modal control (language: JavaScript):
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```javascript
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function openModal(modalId, caption) {
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let modal = document.getElementById(modalId);
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modal.style.display = "flex";
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modal.classList.add("show");
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modal.querySelector(".caption").innerText = caption;
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}
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function closeModal(modalId) {
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let modal = document.getElementById(modalId);
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modal.classList.remove("show");
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setTimeout(function () {
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modal.style.display = "none";
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modal.querySelector(".caption").innerText = "";
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}, 300);
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}
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```
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## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
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No contradictions found in the source.
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## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
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- **상태:** draft
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- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
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- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
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- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
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- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
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## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
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- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
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- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Image Hover]], [[CSS Image Styling]], [[CSS Animations]], [[CSS Position]]
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- **참조 맥락:** Referenced when building an image lightbox or click-to-enlarge gallery.
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## 📚 출처 (Sources)
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- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Image Modal — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_images_modal.asp
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## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
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- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Image Modal" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
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