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이름만 다른(표기 변형) [[위키링크]]를 대상 문서의 canonical 제목으로 치환해 끊겼던 1,200개 링크를 연결. 제목/파일명 정규화 일치만 적용하고 별칭 매칭은 과병합 위험으로 제외(애매성 가드). 원본은 _link_reconcile_backup/ 에 백업. 도구: Datacollect/scripts/link_reconcile_apply.mjs Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
293 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
293 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: wiki-2026-0508-vanilla-extract
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title: vanilla-extract
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category: 10_Wiki/Topics
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status: verified
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canonical_id: self
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aliases: [vanilla-extract, vanilla extract, ve, css.ts]
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duplicate_of: none
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source_trust_level: A
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confidence_score: 0.9
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verification_status: applied
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tags: [css-in-js, zero-runtime, vanilla-extract, typescript, build-time]
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raw_sources: []
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last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
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github_commit: pending
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tech_stack:
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language: typescript
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framework: vanilla-extract
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---
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# vanilla-extract
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## 매 한 줄
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> **"매 TypeScript 로 type-safe 한 zero-runtime CSS-in-JS"**. 매 Mark Dalgleish (Seek) 가 2021 년 출시. 매 `.css.ts` 파일을 build time 에 static CSS 로 추출, 매 token / variant / theme 매 모두 typed. 매 Next.js App Router (RSC) 의 사실상 표준, 매 component library 배포 의 zero-runtime guarantee.
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## 매 핵심
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### 매 핵심 API
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- `style({...})`: 매 single CSS class 생성 → unique class name 반환.
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- `globalStyle('selector', {...})`: 매 global selector style.
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- `recipe({base, variants})`: 매 variant-based component (CVA-like, type-safe).
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- `createTheme(contract, values)`: 매 token 의 ThemeProvider 대안.
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- `createThemeContract({...})`: 매 token shape 정의 (multi-theme).
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- `createVar()`: 매 CSS custom property (runtime dynamic).
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- `style([base, override])`: 매 style composition.
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### 매 build setup
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- **Webpack**: `@vanilla-extract/webpack-plugin`.
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- **Vite**: `@vanilla-extract/vite-plugin`.
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- **Next.js**: `@vanilla-extract/next-plugin` (App Router 호환).
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- **esbuild / Rollup / Parcel**: 매 dedicated plugins.
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- 매 결과: `.css.ts` → `.css` 추출 + `.js` 의 class name string export.
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### 매 응용
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1. Design system 의 token-based theming.
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2. Next.js App Router 의 RSC-compatible styling.
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3. Component library 의 zero-runtime publish.
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4. CVA-style variants via recipes.
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5. CSS variable scoped to component.
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## 💻 패턴
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### Basic style
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```ts
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// button.css.ts
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import { style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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export const button = style({
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padding: '8px 16px',
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borderRadius: 4,
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background: 'blue',
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color: 'white',
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cursor: 'pointer',
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selectors: {
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'&:hover': { background: 'darkblue' },
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'&:disabled': { opacity: 0.5, cursor: 'not-allowed' },
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},
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});
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// button.tsx
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import { button } from './button.css';
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export const Button = (props) => <button className={button} {...props} />;
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```
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### Theme contract — multi-theme
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```ts
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// theme.css.ts
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import { createTheme, createThemeContract } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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export const vars = createThemeContract({
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color: { brand: null, text: null, bg: null, border: null },
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space: { xs: null, sm: null, md: null, lg: null, xl: null },
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radius: { sm: null, md: null, lg: null },
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font: { sans: null, mono: null },
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});
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export const lightTheme = createTheme(vars, {
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color: { brand: '#0066ff', text: '#111', bg: '#fff', border: '#e0e0e0' },
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space: { xs: '4px', sm: '8px', md: '16px', lg: '24px', xl: '32px' },
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radius: { sm: '2px', md: '4px', lg: '8px' },
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font: { sans: 'Inter, sans-serif', mono: 'JetBrains Mono, monospace' },
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});
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export const darkTheme = createTheme(vars, {
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color: { brand: '#3399ff', text: '#fff', bg: '#0a0a0a', border: '#222' },
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space: { xs: '4px', sm: '8px', md: '16px', lg: '24px', xl: '32px' },
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radius: { sm: '2px', md: '4px', lg: '8px' },
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font: { sans: 'Inter, sans-serif', mono: 'JetBrains Mono, monospace' },
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});
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// app.tsx
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<html className={isDark ? darkTheme : lightTheme}>
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```
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### Component using vars
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```ts
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// card.css.ts
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import { style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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import { vars } from './theme.css';
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export const card = style({
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background: vars.color.bg,
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color: vars.color.text,
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border: `1px solid ${vars.color.border}`,
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padding: vars.space.md,
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borderRadius: vars.radius.lg,
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fontFamily: vars.font.sans,
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});
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```
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### Recipes — variants (CVA-like)
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```ts
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// button.css.ts
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import { recipe, RecipeVariants } from '@vanilla-extract/recipes';
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import { vars } from './theme.css';
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export const button = recipe({
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base: {
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padding: vars.space.sm,
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borderRadius: vars.radius.md,
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cursor: 'pointer',
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border: 'none',
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fontFamily: vars.font.sans,
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},
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variants: {
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intent: {
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primary: { background: vars.color.brand, color: '#fff' },
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secondary: { background: 'transparent', color: vars.color.brand,
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border: `1px solid ${vars.color.brand}` },
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danger: { background: '#dc2626', color: '#fff' },
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},
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size: {
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sm: { fontSize: 12, padding: vars.space.xs },
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md: { fontSize: 14, padding: vars.space.sm },
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lg: { fontSize: 18, padding: vars.space.md },
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},
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fullWidth: {
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true: { width: '100%' },
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},
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},
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compoundVariants: [
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{ variants: { intent: 'primary', size: 'lg' },
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style: { fontWeight: 'bold' } },
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],
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defaultVariants: { intent: 'primary', size: 'md' },
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});
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export type ButtonVariants = RecipeVariants<typeof button>;
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// type ButtonVariants = { intent?: 'primary' | 'secondary' | 'danger'; size?: ...; fullWidth?: boolean }
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// usage
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<button className={button({ intent: 'danger', size: 'lg' })}>Delete</button>
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```
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### Sprinkles — atomic CSS (Tailwind-like)
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```ts
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// sprinkles.css.ts
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import { defineProperties, createSprinkles } from '@vanilla-extract/sprinkles';
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const space = defineProperties({
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properties: {
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padding: { sm: 8, md: 16, lg: 24 },
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margin: { sm: 8, md: 16, lg: 24 },
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},
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shorthands: { p: ['padding'], m: ['margin'] },
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});
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export const sprinkles = createSprinkles(space);
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// usage
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<div className={sprinkles({ p: 'md', m: 'sm' })}>...</div>
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```
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### Global style + reset
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```ts
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// reset.css.ts
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import { globalStyle } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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globalStyle('html, body', {
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margin: 0,
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padding: 0,
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fontFamily: 'system-ui, sans-serif',
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});
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globalStyle('*', {
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boxSizing: 'border-box',
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});
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// 매 import 'one' 으로 reset 적용
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// app.tsx: import './reset.css';
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```
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### Dynamic value via createVar
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```ts
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// progress.css.ts
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import { createVar, style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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export const progressVar = createVar();
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export const bar = style({
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width: progressVar,
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background: 'blue',
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height: 4,
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transition: 'width 0.3s',
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});
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// progress.tsx
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import { assignInlineVars } from '@vanilla-extract/dynamic';
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<div
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className={bar}
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style={assignInlineVars({ [progressVar]: `${percent}%` })}
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/>
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// 매 runtime dynamic — CSS variable 로 변환.
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```
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### Style composition
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```ts
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import { style } from '@vanilla-extract/css';
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const base = style({ padding: 8, fontSize: 14 });
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const primary = style([base, { background: 'blue', color: 'white' }]);
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// 매 primary class = base class + extra rules.
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```
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### Next.js App Router setup
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```ts
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// next.config.js
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const { createVanillaExtractPlugin } = require('@vanilla-extract/next-plugin');
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const withVanillaExtract = createVanillaExtractPlugin();
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module.exports = withVanillaExtract({
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// ... existing config
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});
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// app/layout.tsx
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import { lightTheme } from './theme.css';
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import './reset.css';
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export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
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return <html className={lightTheme}>{children}</html>;
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}
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// 매 RSC 호환 — server component 에서 매 className 사용 가능.
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```
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## 매 결정 기준
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| 상황 | Approach |
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| Next.js App Router (RSC) | vanilla-extract (built-in plugin). |
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| Type-safe theme tokens | `createThemeContract` + `createTheme`. |
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| CVA-style variants | `recipe`. |
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| Atomic / Tailwind-like | `sprinkles`. |
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| Runtime dynamic value | `createVar` + `assignInlineVars`. |
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| Component library 배포 | vanilla-extract (zero runtime). |
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**기본값**: `style` (single class), `recipe` (variants), `createThemeContract` (multi-theme), `createVar` (runtime dynamic).
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## 🔗 Graph
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- 부모: [[CSS_Architecture_and_Styling|CSS-in-JS]] · [[Zero-Runtime CSS-in-JS]]
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- 변형: [[Panda CSS]] · [[CSS Modules]]
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- 응용: [[Design System]] · [[React Server Components — 경계 의식]]
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- Adjacent: [[CVA]] · [[CSS_Architecture_and_Styling|Tailwind CSS]]
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## 🤖 LLM 활용
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**언제**: Next.js App Router (RSC), type-safe design system, component library 배포, multi-theme (light/dark/brand) 의.
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**언제 X**: 매 simple prototype (Tailwind 매 빠름), 매 highly-dynamic per-pixel value (CSS-in-JS runtime 가 더 적합), 매 already emotion / styled-components codebase 의 incremental migration 어려움.
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **Runtime value 직접 사용**: 매 `style({ width: dynamicWidth })` — `dynamicWidth` 매 build time 에 evaluable 해야. 매 runtime 매 `createVar`.
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- **`.css.ts` 의 conditional logic**: 매 `if (env.X)` 매 build-time evaluated — 매 runtime 분기 X.
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- **Theme class 의 dynamic apply 미숙**: 매 theme 변경 시 `<html className={isDark ? darkTheme : lightTheme}>` — 매 root 단위.
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- **plugin setup 누락**: 매 webpack/vite plugin 없으면 .css.ts 매 그냥 TS file 로 처리 — error.
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- **`recipe` 의 base 의 selector**: 매 `recipe` base 안의 `selectors` 매 매 supported 하나 매 syntax 주의.
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## 🧪 검증 / 중복
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- Verified (vanilla-extract.style 공식 문서, GitHub seek-oss/vanilla-extract).
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- 신뢰도 A.
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## 🕓 Changelog
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| 날짜 | 변경 |
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| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
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| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — vanilla-extract API 전체 (style, recipe, theme contract, sprinkles, createVar) 추가 |
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