2nd/10_Wiki/Topics/AI_and_ML/Reference.md

---
id: wiki-2026-0508-reference
title: Reference
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [Citation, Bibliography, Pass-by-Reference]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.9
verification_status: applied
tags: [reference, citation, zotero, bibtex, pass-by-reference]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
  language: python
  framework: zotero
---

# Reference

## 매 한 줄
> **"매 pointer 의 value 의 X — 매 indirection"**. Reference 의 두 axis — academic citation (Zotero, BibTeX, AI-aided literature) 와 software (pass-by-reference vs value, pointer semantics). Both 의 indirection 의 통한 share/reuse.

## 매 핵심

### 매 Citation management
- **Zotero**: open-source, browser-clipper, group library. 2026 의 dominant academic ref manager.
- **BibTeX**: LaTeX 의 standard format. `@article{key, ...}`.
- **Mendeley**: Elsevier-owned, declining.
- **DOI**: persistent identifier — `10.1038/...` resolves via doi.org.
- **Citation styles**: APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE — CSL (Citation Style Language) JSON.

### 매 AI-aided literature
- **Elicit**: 매 LLM-powered literature review.
- **Consensus**: 매 yes/no answer aggregation across papers.
- **Semantic Scholar API**: free, 200M+ papers.
- **NotebookLM (Google)**: 매 source-grounded synthesis.
- **Claude/GPT-5 + arxiv-mcp**: 매 RAG-style retrieval.

### 매 Software references
- **Pass-by-reference**: function 의 caller variable 의 mutate 의 가능. C++ `&`, Rust `&mut`.
- **Pass-by-value**: copy. 매 immutable safe.
- **Java/Python "pass-by-object-reference"**: reference 의 by-value — reassignment 의 caller 의 see X, mutation 의 see O.
- **Reference counting**: Python, Swift (ARC), Rust `Rc`/`Arc`. Cycles 의 leak.
- **Weak reference**: 매 cycle 의 break — `weakref` (Python), `Weak` (Rust).

### 매 응용
1. Academic paper writing (Zotero + BibTeX + Pandoc).
2. Systematic review (Elicit + manual screening).
3. Large object passing (avoid copy).
4. Observer pattern (weak ref to subject).
5. RAG knowledge base.

## 💻 패턴

### BibTeX entry
```bibtex
@article{vaswani2017attention,
  title={Attention is all you need},
  author={Vaswani, Ashish and Shazeer, Noam and others},
  journal={NeurIPS},
  year={2017},
  doi={10.48550/arXiv.1706.03762}
}
```

### Zotero API (pyzotero)
```python
from pyzotero import zotero

zot = zotero.Zotero(library_id, "user", api_key)
items = zot.items(q="transformer", limit=20)
for it in items:
    data = it["data"]
    print(data["title"], data.get("DOI"))
```

### Semantic Scholar fetch
```python
import httpx

r = httpx.get(
    "https://api.semanticscholar.org/graph/v1/paper/search",
    params={"query": "RLHF Claude", "limit": 10,
            "fields": "title,abstract,year,authors,citationCount"}
)
for paper in r.json()["data"]:
    print(f"{paper['year']} {paper['title']} ({paper['citationCount']} cites)")
```

### Python mutation gotcha
```python
def append_x(lst):
    lst.append("x")  # mutates caller's list

def reassign(lst):
    lst = ["y"]      # local rebind — caller unaffected

a = [1, 2]
append_x(a); print(a)  # [1, 2, 'x']
reassign(a); print(a)  # [1, 2, 'x']  — unchanged
```

### Rust borrow
```rust
fn read(s: &String) { println!("{}", s); }       // immutable ref
fn modify(s: &mut String) { s.push_str("!"); }   // mutable ref

let mut name = String::from("Claude");
read(&name);
modify(&mut name);
// borrow checker: 매 한 mut OR many immut, never both
```

### Weak ref (Python)
```python
import weakref

class Node:
    def __init__(self, name): self.name = name; self.parent = None

root = Node("root")
child = Node("child")
child.parent = weakref.ref(root)  # break cycle
parent = child.parent()           # call to deref
```

### RAG with citations (Anthropic)
```python
resp = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-opus-4-7",
    max_tokens=2048,
    messages=[{
        "role": "user",
        "content": [
            {"type": "document", "source": {"type": "text", "data": paper_text},
             "citations": {"enabled": True}},
            {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize key findings with citations."}
        ]
    }]
)
# resp.content 의 citation block 의 include
```

## 매 결정 기준
| 상황 | Approach |
|---|---|
| Academic writing | Zotero + BibTeX + Pandoc/LaTeX |
| Lit review (early) | Elicit / Semantic Scholar |
| Lit review (rigorous) | PRISMA + Zotero + manual |
| Pass large struct | Reference (& / pointer) |
| Mutation needed | Mutable ref (`&mut`, `*T`) |
| Cycle risk | Weak reference |

**기본값**: Zotero 의 personal library, BibTeX export 의 LaTeX, Anthropic citations API 의 RAG.

## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Memory Management]] · [[Academic-Writing]]
- 응용: [[RAG]]

## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: literature synthesis (RAG with grounded citations), bibliography formatting, citation extraction from PDF.
**언제 X**: 매 hallucinated DOI — always verify against CrossRef. 매 single source-of-truth claim 의 X — LLM 의 fabricates citations.

## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Hallucinated citations**: LLM 의 fake DOI/year — verify against doi.org.
- **No citation export**: 매 final paper 의 manual format — Zotero 의 use.
- **Java "pass-by-reference" myth**: 매 always by-value of reference — reassignment 의 caller 의 see X.
- **Strong ref cycle**: parent ↔ child 의 strong → leak. Weak 의 break.
- **Citing without reading**: chain-citation error — 매 source paper 의 verify.

## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (Zotero docs, Rust book ch.4, Anthropic citations API, Semantic Scholar API docs).
- 신뢰도 A.

## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — citation + software reference unified |