Antigravity Agent
166 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
166 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: wiki-2026-0508-데이터-파싱-data-parsing
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title: 데이터 파싱(Data Parsing)
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category: 10_Wiki/Topics
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status: verified
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canonical_id: self
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aliases: [Data Parsing, 파싱, Parsing]
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duplicate_of: none
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source_trust_level: A
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confidence_score: 0.9
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verification_status: applied
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tags: [parsing, data, architecture]
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raw_sources: []
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last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
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github_commit: pending
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tech_stack:
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language: python
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framework: pydantic
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---
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# 데이터 파싱(Data Parsing)
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## 매 한 줄
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> **"매 raw bytes → structured value"**. 매 parsing 의 input string/bytes 의 grammar 의 따라 typed tree 의 변환 — 매 modern stack 의 schema-first (Pydantic v2, Zod, Protobuf) + zero-copy (Arrow, simdjson) 의 dominant.
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## 매 핵심
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### 매 Parsing vs Validation
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- **Parsing**: bytes → typed structure (lossless, total).
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- **Validation**: typed structure → invariant check (predicate).
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- **Parse, don't validate** (Alexis King 2019): 매 type system 의 invariant 의 encode → downstream 의 unwrap 의 X.
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### 매 Parser 종류
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- **Recursive descent**: 매 hand-written, LL(k). 매 readable.
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- **Parser combinator**: 매 functional composition (parsec, nom).
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- **PEG**: 매 ordered choice, 매 ambiguity 의 X.
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- **LR/LALR**: 매 bottom-up, 매 yacc/bison.
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- **Schema-driven**: 매 Pydantic, Zod — 매 declarative type → parser 의 derive.
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### 매 응용
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1. JSON/YAML/TOML config 의 load.
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2. API request body 의 validation (FastAPI + Pydantic).
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3. Log/CSV ingest pipeline.
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4. DSL (SQL, GraphQL) 의 compile.
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5. Protocol (HTTP, Protobuf) 의 decode.
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## 💻 패턴
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### Pydantic v2 (schema-first, Rust core)
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```python
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from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, EmailStr, ValidationError
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from datetime import datetime
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class User(BaseModel):
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id: int
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email: EmailStr
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created_at: datetime
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tags: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list, max_length=10)
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try:
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user = User.model_validate_json(raw_bytes) # bytes → typed
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except ValidationError as e:
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print(e.errors()) # structured error path
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```
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### Parser combinator (Python, lark)
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```python
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from lark import Lark, Transformer
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grammar = r"""
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start: expr
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expr: NUMBER ("+" NUMBER)*
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%import common.NUMBER
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%ignore " "
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"""
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class Eval(Transformer):
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def expr(self, items): return sum(int(t) for t in items)
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print(Lark(grammar, parser="lalr", transformer=Eval()).parse("1 + 2 + 3")) # 6
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```
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### Streaming JSON (ijson, large files)
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```python
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import ijson
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with open("huge.jsonl", "rb") as f:
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for record in ijson.items(f, "item"):
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process(record) # constant memory
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```
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### simdjson (zero-copy, SIMD)
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```python
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import simdjson
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parser = simdjson.Parser()
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doc = parser.parse(raw_bytes) # ~3 GB/s
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name = doc["user"]["name"] # lazy access
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```
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### Zod (TypeScript)
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```typescript
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import { z } from "zod";
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const User = z.object({
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id: z.number().int().positive(),
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email: z.string().email(),
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tags: z.array(z.string()).max(10).default([]),
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});
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const user = User.parse(JSON.parse(raw)); // throws on invalid
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type User = z.infer<typeof User>; // static type
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```
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### Protobuf (binary, schema)
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```python
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import user_pb2
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user = user_pb2.User()
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user.ParseFromString(raw_bytes) # zero-allocation in C++
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```
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### Apache Arrow (columnar, zero-copy)
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```python
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import pyarrow.csv as pv
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table = pv.read_csv("data.csv") # multi-threaded, zero-copy to pandas
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df = table.to_pandas(zero_copy_only=True)
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```
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## 매 결정 기준
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| 상황 | Approach |
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|---|---|
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| API boundary, dynamic | Pydantic v2 / Zod |
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| Large JSON throughput | simdjson |
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| Streaming large file | ijson / SAX |
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| Inter-service binary | Protobuf / Cap'n Proto |
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| Custom DSL | Lark / nom / chumsky |
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| Tabular bulk | Arrow / Polars |
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**기본값**: Pydantic v2 (Python), Zod (TS), Serde (Rust).
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## 🔗 Graph
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- 부모: [[Software Architecture]] · [[Type Systems]]
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- 변형: [[JSON Parsing]] · [[Protobuf]] · [[Parser Combinators]]
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- 응용: [[FastAPI]] · [[GraphQL]] · [[Compilers]]
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- Adjacent: [[Validation]] · [[Schema Design]] · [[Serialization]]
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## 🤖 LLM 활용
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**언제**: structured output enforcement (JSON schema → Pydantic), tool call argument 의 parse.
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**언제 X**: free-form natural language — 매 parsing 의 wrong tool, embedding/LLM 의 use.
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **Regex 의 HTML/JSON parse**: 매 grammar 의 non-regular, 의 use proper parser.
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- **Stringly-typed**: 매 dict[str, Any] 의 propagate, 의 typed model 의 boundary 의 parse.
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- **Validate-only**: 매 raw dict 의 keep + ad-hoc check, 의 parse 의 structure 의 commit.
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- **Eager full-load**: 매 GB JSON 의 json.load, 의 streaming 의 use.
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- **Silent coercion**: "1" → 1 implicit, 의 strict mode (Pydantic strict=True).
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## 🧪 검증 / 중복
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- Verified (Pydantic v2 docs, Alexis King "Parse, don't validate" 2019, simdjson paper).
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- 신뢰도 A.
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## 🕓 Changelog
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| 날짜 | 변경 |
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|---|---|
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| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
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| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — full data parsing entry, 7 patterns + decision matrix |
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