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83 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
83 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: php-cookies
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title: "PHP Cookies"
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category: "Programming_Language"
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status: "draft"
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verification_status: "conceptual"
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canonical_id: ""
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aliases: ["setcookie()", "$_COOKIE", "PHP 쿠키"]
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duplicate_of: ""
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source_trust_level: "B"
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confidence_score: 0.9
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created_at: 2026-07-04
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updated_at: 2026-07-04
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review_reason: ""
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merge_history: []
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tags: ["php", "programming", "w3schools", "cookies"]
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raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_cookies.asp"]
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applied_in: []
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github_commit: ""
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---
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# [[PHP Cookies]]
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## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
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`setcookie()` MUST run before any HTML output, including before the `<html>` tag — this is a hard requirement (not a style preference) because cookies are transmitted as part of the HTTP header, which must be sent before the response body; this is the same constraint sessions have. [S1]
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## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
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- **Cookie** — a small text file the server stores in the browser, resent with every subsequent HTTP request. [S1]
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- **`setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain, secure, httponly)`** — only `name` is required; all others optional. [S1]
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- **Must precede any output** — `setcookie()` must be called before `<html>` or any other output, since cookies are part of the HTTP header. [S1]
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- **`$_COOKIE`** — superglobal for reading cookie values. [S1]
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- **Deleting a cookie** — call `setcookie()` again with an expiration time in the PAST. [S1]
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- **Auto URL-encoding** — cookie values are automatically URL-encoded on send and decoded on receipt (use `setrawcookie()` to opt out). [S1]
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## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
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- Create + retrieve: `setcookie($cookie_name, $cookie_value, time() + (86400 * 30), "/"); ... if(isset($_COOKIE[$cookie_name])) { echo $_COOKIE[$cookie_name]; }`. [S1]
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- Modify: re-calling `setcookie()` with a new value overwrites the old one. [S1]
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- Delete: `setcookie("username", "", time() - 3600); // expiration in the past`. [S1]
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- Check if cookies enabled: `setcookie("test_cookie", "test", time() + 3600, '/'); ... if(count($_COOKIE) > 0) { echo "Cookies are enabled."; }`. [S1]
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## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
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- **출력 전 호출 필수**: setcookie()는 HTTP 헤더의 일부이므로 반드시 <html> 태그를 포함한 어떤 출력보다도 먼저 호출되어야 한다는 점이 두 번 강조됨. [S1]
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## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
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현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — 30일 만료 쿠키로 사용자 이름을 저장하는 것이 로그인 상태 유지의 대표 실전 사례다. [S1]
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## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
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Creating and checking a cookie (PHP):
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```php
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<?php
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$cookie_name = "username";
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$cookie_value = "John Doe";
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setcookie($cookie_name, $cookie_value, time() + (86400 * 30), "/"); // must run before <html>
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?>
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<html>
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<body>
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<?php
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if (isset($_COOKIE[$cookie_name])) {
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echo "Value is: " . $_COOKIE[$cookie_name];
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}
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?>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
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- **상태:** draft
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- **검증 단계:** conceptual
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- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
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- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
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- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
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## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
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- **상위/루트:** [[PHP Tutorial]]
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- **관련 개념:** [[PHP File Upload]], [[PHP Sessions]], [[PHP Superglobals]]
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- **참조 맥락:** 클라이언트 측 데이터 저장 — 세션(Sessions) 챕터로 직접 이어짐.
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## 📚 출처 (Sources)
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- [S1] W3Schools — PHP Cookies — https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_cookies.asp
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## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
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- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "PHP Cookies" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
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