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74 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
74 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: c-enums
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title: "C Enumeration (enum)"
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category: "Programming_Language"
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status: "draft"
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verification_status: "conceptual"
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canonical_id: ""
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aliases: ["enum keyword", "named constants", "C 열거형"]
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duplicate_of: ""
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source_trust_level: "B"
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confidence_score: 0.86
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created_at: 2026-07-04
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updated_at: 2026-07-04
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review_reason: ""
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merge_history: []
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tags: ["c", "programming-language", "w3schools", "enums"]
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raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_enums.php"]
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applied_in: []
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github_commit: ""
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---
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# [[C Enumeration (enum)]]
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## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
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Assigning an explicit value to just ONE enum item cascades forward — `enum Level { LOW = 5, MEDIUM, HIGH };` gives `MEDIUM` the value 6 and `HIGH` the value 7 automatically, without being written explicitly — meaning enum numbering isn't independently assigned per item by default; each unlabeled item simply continues incrementing from whatever the PRECEDING item's value was. [S1]
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## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
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- **`enum`** — a type representing a group of named, unchangeable constants ("specifically listed" values). [S1]
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- **Default numbering** — the first item is 0, the second 1, and so on, unless overridden. [S1]
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- **Forward-cascading custom values** — setting one item's value shifts all SUBSEQUENT unlabeled items to continue counting up from it. [S1]
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- **Enum as an int under the hood** — printing an enum variable with `%d` shows its underlying integer value, enabling direct use in `switch` statements matched against those integers. [S1]
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- **`typedef` with enum** — eliminates needing to write `enum` before the type name every time a variable is declared, a pure readability/brevity improvement. [S1]
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## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
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- Default numbering: `enum Level { LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH }; enum Level myVar = MEDIUM; printf("%d", myVar); // 1`. [S1]
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- Fully custom values: `enum Level { LOW = 25, MEDIUM = 50, HIGH = 75 };`. [S1]
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- Cascading from one custom value: `enum Level { LOW = 5, MEDIUM, HIGH };` — MEDIUM becomes 6, HIGH becomes 7. [S1]
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- Enum used in a switch: `enum Level myVar = MEDIUM; switch (myVar) { case 1: ... case 2: ... case 3: ... }` (matching against LOW=1, MEDIUM=2, HIGH=3). [S1]
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- typedef shortcut: `typedef enum {MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN} Day; Day today = WED;` instead of `enum Day today = WED;`. [S1]
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## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
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- **하나의 값 지정이 이후 항목까지 연쇄적으로 영향**: LOW = 5로 지정하면 뒤따르는 MEDIUM, HIGH는 명시하지 않아도 자동으로 6, 7이 된다는 점이 명확히 확인됨 — 각 항목이 독립적으로 0부터 재시작하는 것이 아님. [S1]
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## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
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요일(Day)이나 월과 같이 절대 변하지 않는 값 집합에 enum을 사용하는 것이 실전 활용의 대표 사례로 원문에 직접 제시됨. [S1]
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## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
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Setting one enum value causes subsequent items to cascade forward from it (C):
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```c
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enum Level {
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LOW = 5,
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MEDIUM, // Now 6
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HIGH // Now 7
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};
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```
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## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
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- **상태:** draft
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- **검증 단계:** conceptual
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- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
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- **신뢰 점수:** 0.86
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- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
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## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
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- **상위/루트:** [[C Tutorial]]
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- **관련 개념:** [[C Structs Pointers]], [[C Switch]], [[C Unions]], [[C Typedef]]
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- **참조 맥락:** 열거형 — 유니온(Unions) 챕터로 이어짐, typedef 챕터와 직접 연결.
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## 📚 출처 (Sources)
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- [S1] W3Schools — C Enumeration (enum) — https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_enums.php
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## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
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- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "C Enumeration (enum)" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
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