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10_Wiki/Topic_Programming/Topic_SQL/SQL_Like.md

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+---
+id: sql-like
+title: "SQL Like"
+category: "Database"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["SQL LIKE Operator", "LIKE operator", "SQL 패턴 매칭"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.9
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["sql", "database", "w3schools", "like", "pattern-matching", "where"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_like.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[SQL Like]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+LIKE searches for a text pattern in a column using the `%` (any characters) and `_` (single character) wildcards, and can express starts-with/ends-with/contains matching. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **LIKE operator** — used in a WHERE clause to search for a specified pattern within a column's text data. [S1]
+- **Syntax** — `SELECT ... FROM table_name WHERE columnN LIKE pattern;`. [S1]
+- **`%` wildcard** — represents zero, one, or multiple characters. [S1]
+- **`_` wildcard** — represents exactly one character. [S1]
+- **No wildcard** — without a wildcard, LIKE requires an exact match. [S1]
+
+## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
+- **Positional-% recipe** — `pattern%` = starts with, `%pattern` = ends with, `%pattern%` = contains, `pattern` (no `%`) = exact match. [S1]
+- **Combine with AND/OR** — multiple LIKE conditions can be combined, e.g. `CustomerName LIKE 'a%' OR CustomerName LIKE 'b%'`. [S1]
+- **Wildcard stacking** — `%` and `_` can be combined in one pattern, e.g. `'a__%'` (starts with "a", at least 3 chars) or `'_r%'` ("r" in second position). [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- Starts with: `WHERE CustomerName LIKE 'a%';`. [S1]
+- Contains: `WHERE city LIKE '%on%';`. [S1]
+- Single-character wildcard: `WHERE city LIKE 'l_nd__';` (l + 1 wildcard char + "nd" + 2 wildcard chars). [S1]
+- Ends with: `WHERE CustomerName LIKE '%a';`. [S1]
+- Starts-and-ends: `WHERE CustomerName LIKE 'b%s';`. [S1]
+- Exact match (no wildcard): `WHERE Country LIKE 'Spain';`. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+소스에서 모순되는 정보는 발견되지 않음.
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — 다음 챕터인 SQL Wildcards에서 `[]`, `-`, `^` 같은 추가 와일드카드 문법이 확장된다. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Starts-with / contains / ends-with (SQL):
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE CustomerName LIKE 'a%';   -- starts with
+SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE city LIKE '%on%';          -- contains
+SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE CustomerName LIKE '%a';    -- ends with
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[SQL Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[SQL Where]], [[SQL Wildcards]], [[SQL Not]]
+- **참조 맥락:** 텍스트 패턴 매칭이 필요한 모든 검색 쿼리의 기반 문법 — 다음 챕터 Wildcards에서 문법이 확장된다.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — SQL LIKE Operator — https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_like.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "SQL LIKE Operator" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).