2nd/10_Wiki/Topics/AI_and_ML/Blockchain.md

id, title, category, status, canonical_id, aliases, duplicate_of, source_trust_level, confidence_score, verification_status, tags, raw_sources, last_reinforced, github_commit, tech_stack

id	title	category	status	canonical_id	aliases	duplicate_of	source_trust_level	confidence_score	verification_status	tags	raw_sources	last_reinforced	github_commit	tech_stack
wiki-2026-0508-blockchain	Blockchain	10_Wiki/Topics	verified	self	블록체인 distributed ledger smart contract Ethereum Bitcoin web3 ZK proof rollup	none	A	0.9	applied	blockchain ethereum bitcoin smart-contract web3 zk-rollup defi nft ai-blockchain		2026-05-10	pending	language framework Solidity / Rust Ethereum / Solana / Cosmos

Blockchain

📌 한 줄 통찰

"매 신뢰 의 technical implementation". 매 central authority X — 매 distributed + 매 cryptographic verification. 매 currency 의 base. 매 smart contract → 매 programmable trust. 매 modern: 매 ZK rollup + AI provenance.

📖 핵심

매 핵심 mechanism

1. Decentralization: 매 single server X.
2. Immutability: 매 hash chain 의 변경 의 X.
3. Consensus: 매 누가 매 next block.
4. Cryptographic verification: 매 transaction 의 sign.
5. Transparency: 매 public ledger.

Consensus algorithm

Algorithm	매 사용
Proof of Work (PoW)	Bitcoin, 매 energy ↑
Proof of Stake (PoS)	Ethereum 2.0, 매 energy ↓
Delegated PoS (DPoS)	EOS, Tron
Proof of Authority (PoA)	private chain
BFT (PBFT, Tendermint)	Cosmos, Hyperledger
Avalanche	Avalanche L1

매 evolution

1. Bitcoin (2009): 매 digital currency.
2. Ethereum (2015): 매 smart contract.
3. L2 / Rollup (2021+): 매 scale.
4. ZK Rollup (2023+): 매 zero-knowledge.
5. Modular (2024+): 매 Celestia 등 의 specialization.

매 stack (Ethereum)

• L1: Ethereum mainnet.
• L2 Optimistic: Arbitrum, Optimism, Base.
• L2 ZK: zkSync, StarkNet, Polygon zkEVM, Scroll.
• L3: app-specific rollup.
• Bridge: 매 cross-chain.
• Oracle: Chainlink, Pyth.

매 EVM 대 alternative

• EVM (Solidity): 매 dominant.
• Solana (Rust + Sealevel): 매 high TPS.
• Aptos / Sui (Move): 매 secure 모음.
• Cosmos (Tendermint): 매 sovereignty.
• Near: 매 sharded.

매 application

• DeFi: lending, DEX (Uniswap), derivatives.
• NFT: art, gaming, identity.
• DAO: governance.
• Stablecoin: USDC, USDT, DAI.
• Gaming: 매 ownership.
• Identity: 매 self-sovereign.
• Provenance: 매 supply chain, art.

AI × Blockchain

1. Provenance: 매 training data 의 source.
2. Royalty: 매 contributor 의 보상.
3. Decentralized inference: 매 Bittensor.
4. Compute marketplace: 매 Render, Akash.
5. AI agent payment: 매 X402, 매 micropayment.
6. Verifiable inference (ZK-ML): 매 proof.

매 modern issue

1. Energy (PoW): 매 Bitcoin 의 GW-scale.
2. Scaling: 매 L1 의 limit.
3. UX: 매 wallet, 매 gas, 매 seed phrase.
4. Regulation: 매 SEC vs CFTC, 매 EU MiCA.
5. Hack: 매 매 year 의 Billion-scale theft.
6. Speculation: 매 utility ≠ 매 price.

매 ZK proof (modern)

• zk-SNARK (Groth16, Plonk): 매 succinct.
• zk-STARK: 매 transparent (no trusted setup), 매 post-quantum.
• 매 응용: 매 rollup, 매 privacy, 매 ML inference verify.

💻 패턴

Solidity (smart contract)

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract SimpleStorage {
    uint256 private value;
    address public owner;
    
    event ValueChanged(uint256 newValue, address indexed setter);
    
    constructor() {
        owner = msg.sender;
    }
    
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(msg.sender == owner, "Not owner");
        _;
    }
    
    function set(uint256 _value) external onlyOwner {
        value = _value;
        emit ValueChanged(_value, msg.sender);
    }
    
    function get() external view returns (uint256) {
        return value;
    }
}

Hardhat (Ethereum dev)

// hardhat.config.js
module.exports = {
  solidity: '0.8.20',
  networks: {
    sepolia: { url: process.env.SEPOLIA_RPC, accounts: [process.env.PRIVATE_KEY] },
    mainnet: { url: process.env.MAINNET_RPC, accounts: [process.env.PRIVATE_KEY] },
  },
};

// scripts/deploy.js
const hre = require('hardhat');

async function main() {
  const Storage = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory('SimpleStorage');
  const storage = await Storage.deploy();
  await storage.waitForDeployment();
  console.log('Deployed to:', await storage.getAddress());
}

main().catch(console.error);

viem (frontend interaction)

import { createPublicClient, createWalletClient, http, parseAbi } from 'viem';
import { mainnet } from 'viem/chains';

const client = createPublicClient({ chain: mainnet, transport: http() });

const abi = parseAbi(['function get() view returns (uint256)']);
const value = await client.readContract({
  address: '0x...',
  abi,
  functionName: 'get',
});

NFT (ERC-721)

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";

contract MyNFT is ERC721 {
    uint256 public nextTokenId;
    
    constructor() ERC721("MyNFT", "MNFT") {}
    
    function mint(address to) external {
        _safeMint(to, nextTokenId++);
    }
    
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view override returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked('ipfs://my-cid/', _toString(tokenId), '.json'));
    }
}

DAO governance (Snapshot)

// 매 token holder 의 vote
const proposal = {
  title: 'Increase treasury allocation',
  choices: ['For', 'Against', 'Abstain'],
  start: Date.now(),
  end: Date.now() + 7 * 86400 * 1000,
  snapshot: latestBlock,
  network: '1',
  strategies: [
    { name: 'erc20-balance-of', params: { address: tokenAddress, decimals: 18 } },
  ],
};
// 매 IPFS 의 post + 매 sign.

ZK-ML proof (verify inference)

# 매 EZKL 의 ONNX 의 ZK proof 로 변환
import ezkl
import torch

# 매 model export
torch.onnx.export(model, dummy_input, 'model.onnx')

# 매 setup
ezkl.gen_settings('model.onnx', 'settings.json')
ezkl.compile_circuit('model.onnx', 'circuit.ezkl', 'settings.json')

# 매 prove
ezkl.prove('input.json', 'circuit.ezkl', 'pk.key', 'proof.json')

# 매 verify (on-chain or off-chain)
ezkl.verify('proof.json', 'settings.json', 'vk.key')

→ 매 inference correctness 의 zero-knowledge.

Provenance (content authenticity)

contract ContentProvenance {
    struct Record {
        string contentHash;     // keccak256 of content
        address creator;
        uint256 timestamp;
        string metadataURI;     // ipfs://...
    }
    
    mapping(bytes32 => Record) public records;
    
    function register(string calldata contentHash, string calldata metadataURI) external {
        bytes32 id = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(contentHash, msg.sender));
        records[id] = Record(contentHash, msg.sender, block.timestamp, metadataURI);
    }
}

🤔 결정 기준

응용	Chain
DeFi (max liquidity)	Ethereum L1
Cheap UX	L2 (Base, Arbitrum)
High TPS	Solana
Privacy	zkSync, StarkNet, Aztec
Gaming	L2 / sidechain
Enterprise / consortium	Hyperledger / Polygon CDK
AI inference	Bittensor, EZKL
Stablecoin	Ethereum + L2

기본값: L2 (Base / Arbitrum) 의 entry. 매 use case 의 specific chain.

🔗 Graph

• 부모: Distributed-Systems · Cryptography · Web3
• 변형: Bitcoin · Ethereum · Solana · Cosmos
• 응용: DeFi · NFT · DAO · Stablecoin · Smart-Contract
• L2: Optimistic-Rollup · ZK-Rollup · zkSync · StarkNet
• AI 결합: ZK-ML · Bittensor · Render-Network · Content-Provenance · C2PA
• Adjacent: Anarchism · Authenticity · Cypherpunk

🤖 LLM 활용

언제: 매 web3 system design. 매 smart contract review. 매 AI 의 provenance / royalty. 언제 X: 매 simple problem (centralized 의 enough). 매 high TPS + low latency 의 strict.

❌ 안티패턴

• Centralized 의 force on blockchain: 매 cost ↑, 매 benefit X.
• No audit (smart contract): 매 hack risk.
• Unchecked external call: 매 reentrancy.
• On-chain large data: 매 cost (use IPFS).
• No upgrade plan: 매 immutable bug.
• Speculation 의 only: 매 utility X.
• PoW 의 default: 매 energy 의 unjustified.

🧪 검증 / 중복

• Verified (Ethereum yellow paper, Solana whitepaper, zk-rollup papers).
• 신뢰도 A.
• Related: Smart-Contract · ZK-ML · DAO · Authenticity · Anarchism.

🕓 Changelog

날짜	변경
2026-05-08	Phase 1
2026-05-10	Manual cleanup — consensus + L2 + AI×Blockchain + 매 Solidity / viem / EZKL code