2nd/10_Wiki/Topic_Programming/Architecture/Serverless_Architecture.md

id, title, category, status, canonical_id, aliases, duplicate_of, source_trust_level, confidence_score, verification_status, tags, raw_sources, last_reinforced, github_commit, tech_stack

id	title	category	status	canonical_id	aliases	duplicate_of	source_trust_level	confidence_score	verification_status	tags	raw_sources	last_reinforced	github_commit	tech_stack
wiki-2026-0508-serverless-architecture	Serverless Architecture	10_Wiki/Topics	verified	self	Serverless FaaS Functions-as-a-Service 서버리스	none	A	0.9	applied	architecture cloud serverless faas		2026-05-10	pending	language framework typescript aws-lambda

Serverless Architecture

매 한 줄

"매 서버 관리 없이 매 코드 실행 — 매 event-driven, 매 auto-scale, 매 pay-per-use". AWS Lambda (2014)로 매 popularize. 2026년에는 매 Lambda + EventBridge + Step Functions, Cloudflare Workers, Vercel Functions, Deno Deploy가 매 생태계 정점. 매 cold-start 문제는 매 SnapStart, Workers V8 isolate로 매 거의 해소.

매 핵심

매 특성

• 매 No server mgmt: 매 OS/patching 없음.
• 매 Event-driven: HTTP, queue, stream, schedule.
• 매 Auto-scale: 매 0 → 1000s, 매 즉시.
• 매 Pay-per-use: 매 idle cost 거의 0.
• 매 Stateless: 매 ephemeral execution.

매 trade-off

• 매 Cold start: 매 ms ~ 수 sec (매 Workers isolate ~ 5ms).
• 매 Vendor lock-in: 매 AWS-specific event shape.
• 매 Long-running 부적합: 매 limit (Lambda 15min, Workers 30s CPU).
• 매 Stateful 부적합: 매 외부 state 필수.

매 응용

1. API backend (Lambda + API Gateway).
2. Webhook handler (Workers).
3. Stream processing (Lambda + Kinesis).
4. Cron jobs (EventBridge schedule).
5. AI inference edge (Workers AI, Vercel AI SDK).

💻 패턴

매 AWS Lambda (TS, SAM)

// handler.ts
import type { APIGatewayProxyHandlerV2 } from "aws-lambda";

export const handler: APIGatewayProxyHandlerV2 = async (event) => {
  const body = JSON.parse(event.body ?? "{}");
  return {
    statusCode: 200,
    body: JSON.stringify({ ok: true, echo: body }),
  };
};

# template.yaml (SAM)
Resources:
  Api:
    Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
    Properties:
      Handler: dist/handler.handler
      Runtime: nodejs22.x
      SnapStart: { ApplyOn: PublishedVersions }  # 매 cold-start ↓
      Events:
        Http: { Type: HttpApi, Properties: { Path: /echo, Method: POST } }

매 Cloudflare Workers

export default {
  async fetch(req: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    const { pathname } = new URL(req.url);
    if (pathname === "/ai") {
      const r = await env.AI.run("@cf/meta/llama-3.3-70b-instruct", {
        prompt: "Hello",
      });
      return Response.json(r);
    }
    return new Response("ok");
  },
};

매 Step Functions (orchestration)

{
  "StartAt": "Validate",
  "States": {
    "Validate": { "Type": "Task", "Resource": "arn:aws:lambda:...:Validate", "Next": "Charge" },
    "Charge":   { "Type": "Task", "Resource": "arn:aws:lambda:...:Charge",   "Next": "Notify" },
    "Notify":   { "Type": "Task", "Resource": "arn:aws:lambda:...:Notify",   "End": true }
  }
}

매 EventBridge schedule

Cron:
  Type: AWS::Events::Rule
  Properties:
    ScheduleExpression: "cron(0 * * * ? *)"  # 매 hourly
    Targets: [{ Arn: !GetAtt MyFn.Arn, Id: hourly }]

매 Vercel Edge Function (RSC)

// app/api/hello/route.ts
export const runtime = "edge";
export async function GET() {
  return Response.json({ region: process.env.VERCEL_REGION });
}

매 Cold-start mitigation

// 매 outside handler — 매 init reused across invocations
import postgres from "postgres";
const sql = postgres(process.env.DB_URL!, { max: 1 });

export const handler = async () => {
  const rows = await sql`SELECT NOW()`;
  return rows;
};

매 Bun + Lambda (2026 trend)

FROM public.ecr.aws/lambda/provided:al2023
COPY --from=oven/bun:1.2 /usr/local/bin/bun /usr/local/bin/bun
COPY . ${LAMBDA_TASK_ROOT}
CMD ["bun", "run", "handler.ts"]

매 결정 기준

상황	Approach
매 spiky / unpredictable load	Serverless (auto-scale-to-zero).
매 steady high QPS	EC2/Fargate cheaper.
매 long-running batch	Step Functions / Fargate.
매 ultra-low latency global	Workers / Vercel Edge.
매 stateful	매 외부 state (DynamoDB/Redis).

기본값: 매 API + webhook → Lambda or Workers. 매 latency 중요 → Workers.

🔗 Graph

• 부모: Distributed Systems
• 변형: FaaS
• 응용: API Gateway · Cloudflare Workers
• Adjacent: Microservices · Event-Driven Architecture · Cold Start · Scalability

🤖 LLM 활용

언제: 매 event-driven workload, 매 auto-scaling 필요, 매 ops cost ↓. 언제 X: 매 long-running compute, 매 strict latency p99, 매 vendor-neutral 강제.

❌ 안티패턴

• 매 huge Lambda monolith: 매 cold-start ↑, 매 cost ↑.
• 매 sync chained Lambdas: 매 cost double-billing — Step Functions 사용.
• 매 connection pool 매 handler 안: 매 연결 폭발.
• 매 secret 매 env에 매 plaintext: 매 Secrets Manager / KMS.
• 매 cold-start 무시: 매 user-facing path는 매 SnapStart/provisioned.

🧪 검증 / 중복

• Verified (AWS Lambda docs, Cloudflare Workers docs, Vercel docs).
• 신뢰도 A.

🕓 Changelog

날짜	변경
2026-05-08	Phase 1
2026-05-10	Manual cleanup — Lambda+SnapStart, Workers, Step Functions patterns