2nd/10_Wiki/Topics/AI_and_ML/Executive-Function-Deficit.md

id, title, category, status, canonical_id, aliases, duplicate_of, source_trust_level, confidence_score, verification_status, tags, raw_sources, last_reinforced, github_commit, tech_stack

id	title	category	status	canonical_id	aliases	duplicate_of	source_trust_level	confidence_score	verification_status	tags	raw_sources	last_reinforced	github_commit	tech_stack
wiki-2026-0508-executive-function-deficit	Executive Function Deficit	10_Wiki/Topics	verified	self	EF deficit executive dysfunction ADHD EF working memory deficit cognitive control	none	A	0.94	applied	neuroscience cognition executive-function adhd prefrontal intervention		2026-05-10	pending	language applicable_to Cognitive Science Therapy Coaching Edu AI Tutor Workplace

Executive Function Deficit

매 한 줄

"매 prefrontal-driven control function 의 impairment". Miyake & Friedman 3-factor: working memory, inhibition, shifting. 매 ADHD, TBI, depression, aging 의 common. 매 modern: 매 scaffolding > willpower, 매 environmental design, 매 medication + CBT.

매 핵심

매 EF components (Miyake & Friedman)

• Working memory: 매 update.
• Inhibition: 매 prepotent response 의 suppress.
• Shifting: 매 set switching.

매 broader (Diamond)

• Core: 매 above 3.
• Higher-order: 매 reasoning, planning, problem-solving.

매 cause

• ADHD.
• TBI (traumatic brain injury).
• Depression.
• Anxiety.
• Aging (frontal).
• Sleep deprivation.
• Stroke (frontal).

매 manifest

• Procrastination.
• Forgetfulness.
• Disorganization.
• Time blindness.
• Emotional dysregulation.
• Task initiation difficulty.

매 intervention

• Environmental scaffold: 매 visible cue.
• External memory: 매 calendar, list, alarm.
• Routine: 매 habit > willpower.
• Body doubling: 매 partner.
• Pomodoro: 매 short bouts.
• Stimulant medication (ADHD).
• CBT-based.
• Sleep / exercise.

💻 패턴

EF self-assessment (BRIEF-A inspired)

def ef_self_check(responses):
    """매 0-2 scale (never/sometimes/often)."""
    return {
        'inhibit': sum(responses[:8]) / 8,
        'shift': sum(responses[8:14]) / 6,
        'emotional_control': sum(responses[14:22]) / 8,
        'self_monitor': sum(responses[22:28]) / 6,
        'initiate': sum(responses[28:34]) / 6,
        'working_memory': sum(responses[34:42]) / 8,
        'plan_organize': sum(responses[42:52]) / 10,
        'task_monitor': sum(responses[52:58]) / 6,
        'org_materials': sum(responses[58:66]) / 8,
    }

Implementation intention (Gollwitzer)

def implementation_intention(goal, when, where):
    """매 'When X, I will Y.'"""
    return f"When {when} at {where}, I will {goal}."

# 매 example: "When I sit at desk at 9am, I will open the project file."

External memory (calendar + alarm)

class ExternalEF:
    def __init__(self):
        self.tasks = []
        self.alarms = []
    
    def schedule(self, task, when):
        self.tasks.append({'task': task, 'when': when})
        self.alarms.append({'time': when - timedelta(minutes=10), 'msg': f'Prep: {task}'})
        self.alarms.append({'time': when, 'msg': f'Now: {task}'})

Pomodoro

def pomodoro_session():
    return {
        'work_min': 25,
        'short_break_min': 5,
        'long_break_min': 15,
        'cycles_before_long': 4,
    }

Body doubling (virtual)

def body_double_session(user_a, user_b, duration_min=50):
    """매 2명 의 silent + camera on + 매 task work."""
    start_session(user_a, user_b)
    set_intent(user_a, "Email inbox zero")
    set_intent(user_b, "Draft proposal")
    for min in range(duration_min):
        ping_check_in() if min % 25 == 0 else None

Task initiation hack (5-min rule)

def five_min_rule(task):
    """매 'Just 5 minutes.' 매 momentum 의 lower."""
    print(f"Doing {task} for ONLY 5 minutes. Stop after if you want.")
    timer = Timer(5 * 60)
    # 매 most 의 의 의 continue 의 momentum

Working memory offloading

def offload_working_memory(thoughts):
    """매 brain dump → 매 paper / app."""
    open_note().write_all(thoughts)
    return 'cleared'

Stim med tracking (clinician-supervised)

class MedTracker:
    def log_dose(self, time, dose_mg, intended_for):
        self.log.append({'time': time, 'dose': dose_mg, 'task': intended_for})
    
    def effect_check(self, after_30_min):
        return {
            'focus_0_10': self.rate('focus'),
            'mood_0_10': self.rate('mood'),
            'side_effects': self.list('side_effects'),
        }

Inhibition training (Stop-Signal)

def stop_signal_task(trial):
    if trial.is_stop:
        # 매 50ms 의 의 의 stop signal
        if trial.delay < user.threshold:
            return 'stopped' if user.inhibits() else 'failed'
    return 'go_response'

def update_threshold(success):
    """매 staircase: 매 success → 매 difficulty ↑."""
    return user.threshold + (50 if success else -50)

Shifting practice (task switching)

def task_switch_train():
    blocks = ['letter_classify', 'number_classify', 'mixed_switch']
    rt_costs = []
    for block in blocks:
        rt = run_block(block)
        rt_costs.append(rt - rt_costs[0] if rt_costs else 0)
    return rt_costs

Cognitive load reduction

def reduce_cognitive_load(task):
    return {
        'decompose': break_into_subtasks(task),
        'externalize': write_steps_visible(task),
        'minimize_distraction': close_other_apps(),
        'eat_drink_sleep_first': check_basics(),
    }

Habit stacking

def stack_habit(existing, new):
    """매 'After I [existing], I will [new].'"""
    return f"After I {existing}, I will {new}."
# 매 example: After I pour coffee, I will write 1 task.

매 결정 기준

상황	Approach
ADHD diagnosed	Med + CBT + scaffold
TBI recovery	Rehab + external memory
Aging	Routine + simplification
Workplace	External system + manager
Education	IEP / 504 + scaffold
AI tutor	Implementation intent + reminder

기본값: 매 environmental scaffold first (cheapest) + 매 external memory + 매 routine + 매 (clinical) med + CBT.

🔗 Graph

• 부모: Neuropsychology
• 변형: ADHD
• 응용: Cognitive-Behavioral-Therapy
• Adjacent: Default Mode Network (DMN) · Working Memory

🤖 LLM 활용

언제: 매 coaching / accommodation. 매 productivity tool. 매 AI tutor. 언제 X: 매 medical diagnosis (clinician).

❌ 안티패턴

• 'Just try harder': 매 willpower 의 false.
• No external scaffold: 매 internal cap.
• Med-only: 매 skill 의 X 의 transfer.
• Pure routine fix: 매 underlying 의 ignore.
• Stigmatize: 매 motivation lose.

🧪 검증 / 중복

• Verified (Miyake & Friedman, Diamond, Barkley ADHD).
• 신뢰도 A.

🕓 Changelog

날짜	변경
2026-04-20	Auto-reinforced
2026-05-08	Phase 1
2026-05-10	Manual cleanup — Miyake + 매 implementation / pomodoro / habit stack code