2nd/10_Wiki/Topic_Programming/DevOps_and_Security/엔터프라이즈 소프트웨어 시스템 설계.md

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id	title	category	status	canonical_id	aliases	duplicate_of	source_trust_level	confidence_score	verification_status	tags	raw_sources	last_reinforced	github_commit	tech_stack
wiki-2026-0508-엔터프라이즈-소프트웨어-시스템-설계	엔터프라이즈 소프트웨어 시스템 설계	10_Wiki/Topics	verified	self	Enterprise Software Design Enterprise Architecture	none	A	0.9	applied	enterprise architecture systems-design scalability		2026-05-10	pending	language framework java spring-boot

엔터프라이즈 소프트웨어 시스템 설계

매 한 줄

"매 large-scale, mission-critical, long-lived". 매 enterprise software 의 multi-team / multi-decade scale 의 system 의 design — 매 reliability, security, compliance, integration 의 first-class concern. 매 2026 의 cloud-native + 매 legacy mainframe 의 hybrid 의 reality.

매 핵심

매 Enterprise 의 specific concerns

• Scale: 매 thousands of concurrent users, TB+ data.
• Longevity: 매 10-30년 의 lifespan — 매 maintainability 의 critical.
• Compliance: 매 SOX, GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS.
• Integration: 매 N legacy system 의 talk to.
• Multi-team: 매 Conway's law — 매 org structure 가 architecture 의 reflect.

매 Architecture layers (전통)

1. Presentation — UI / API.
2. Application — orchestration, use cases.
3. Domain — business logic.
4. Infrastructure — persistence, messaging, external.

매 2026 modern stack

• Frontend: React / Next.js, micro-frontends.
• API: GraphQL Federation, gRPC, REST.
• Service: Microservices (Java/Spring Boot, Go, Kotlin).
• Data: PostgreSQL, Kafka, Snowflake / Databricks.
• Platform: Kubernetes, Istio, ArgoCD.
• Observability: OpenTelemetry, Datadog, Grafana.

매 Cross-cutting concerns

• AuthN/AuthZ (OAuth2, OIDC, mTLS)
• Audit logging
• Distributed tracing
• Rate limiting, circuit breakers
• Multi-tenancy

💻 패턴

매 Hexagonal architecture

// 매 Domain — 매 framework 의존 X
public class OrderService {
    private final OrderRepository repo;     // port
    private final PaymentGateway payment;   // port

    public Order place(PlaceOrderCommand cmd) {
        var order = Order.create(cmd);
        payment.charge(cmd.payment());
        return repo.save(order);
    }
}

매 CQRS + Event Sourcing

// Command side
@Component
class OrderCommandHandler {
    public void handle(PlaceOrder cmd) {
        var events = OrderAggregate.place(cmd);
        eventStore.append(cmd.orderId(), events);
        bus.publish(events);
    }
}

// Query side
@Component
class OrderProjection {
    @KafkaListener(topics = "order-events")
    public void on(OrderPlaced e) { readModel.upsert(e); }
}

매 Saga (distributed transaction)

@Saga
public class OrderSaga {
    @StartSaga
    public void on(OrderPlaced e) {
        send(new ReserveInventory(e.orderId()));
    }

    @SagaEventHandler
    public void on(InventoryReserved e) {
        send(new ChargePayment(e.orderId()));
    }

    @SagaEventHandler
    public void on(PaymentFailed e) {
        send(new ReleaseInventory(e.orderId()));
        end();
    }
}

매 Strangler fig (legacy migration)

# 매 Gateway routing — 매 old → new 의 incremental
routes:
  - path: /api/orders/*
    backend: new-order-service  # 매 migrated
  - path: /api/billing/*
    backend: legacy-mainframe   # 매 still legacy

매 Multi-tenancy 의 patterns

// 매 Row-level — 매 cheapest
@Entity
class Order {
    @Column UUID tenantId;
    // 매 every query 의 tenant filter
}

// 매 Schema-per-tenant — 매 isolation
DataSource ds = tenantRouter.resolve(currentTenant());

// 매 DB-per-tenant — 매 strongest, costliest

매 BFF (Backend for Frontend)

services:
  bff-mobile:    # 매 mobile 최적화 payload
  bff-web:       # 매 web 최적화
  bff-partner:   # 매 B2B integration
  # 매 모두 매 동일 backend service 의 aggregate

매 결정 기준

상황	Approach
매 startup, ≤10 dev	매 Modular monolith
매 scale-up, multi-team	매 Microservices + DDD
매 legacy 의 modernization	매 Strangler fig
매 strict audit / replay	매 Event sourcing
매 read-heavy + complex write	매 CQRS

기본값: 매 modular monolith 부터 → 매 pain point 별 의 carve out.

🔗 Graph

• 부모: Distributed Systems
• 변형: Microservices · Event-Driven Architecture · Service-oriented Architecture (SOA)
• 응용: E-commerce_Platforms
• Adjacent: Domain-Driven Design · Hexagonal Architecture

🤖 LLM 활용

언제: 매 large-scale system design interview / RFC / ADR 작성 시. 언제 X: 매 small CRUD app — 매 over-engineering 의 risk.

❌ 안티패턴

• Distributed monolith: 매 microservice 의 모양 의 만 갖춘 의 tight coupling.
• Big bang rewrite: 매 legacy 의 한 번에 의 replace — 매 거의 fail.
• Anemic domain: 매 logic 의 service layer 의 만 — 매 domain object 의 의 data bag.
• Shared database: 매 microservice 간 의 DB 공유 → 매 hidden coupling.

🧪 검증 / 중복

• Verified — Martin Fowler, Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture; Eric Evans, Domain-Driven Design; Sam Newman, Building Microservices (2nd ed).
• 신뢰도 A.

🕓 Changelog

날짜	변경
2026-05-08	Phase 1
2026-05-10	Manual cleanup — enterprise architecture patterns + 2026 stack