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2nd/10_Wiki/Topics/Coding/Android_Lifecycle_Aware_Components.md
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2026-05-09 21:08:02 +09:00

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id, title, category, status, source_trust_level, verification_status, created_at, updated_at, tags, tech_stack, applied_in, aliases
id title category status source_trust_level verification_status created_at updated_at tags tech_stack applied_in aliases
android-lifecycle-aware-components Android Lifecycle-Aware Components Coding draft B conceptual 2026-05-09 2026-05-09
android
lifecycle
vibe-coding
language applicable_to
Kotlin / Jetpack
Android
DefaultLifecycleObserver
lifecycleScope
repeatOnLifecycle

Lifecycle-Aware Components

Activity / Fragment 의 lifecycle 상태에 자동 반응. 메모리 leak / 화면 회전 / 백그라운드 처리 사고의 90%를 막아줌.

📖 핵심 개념

  • Lifecycle.State: INITIALIZED → CREATED → STARTED → RESUMED → DESTROYED.
  • 일반적으로 STARTED 이상에서만 UI 작업.
  • DefaultLifecycleObserver: lifecycle 메서드 override.

💻 코드 패턴

Observer 등록

class CameraController : DefaultLifecycleObserver {
    override fun onStart(owner: LifecycleOwner) { open() }
    override fun onStop(owner: LifecycleOwner) { close() }
}

// Fragment / Activity
class CameraFragment : Fragment() {
    private val controller = CameraController()
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        viewLifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(controller)
        // viewLifecycleOwner — view 살아있는 동안 (Fragment 인스턴스보다 짧음)
    }
}

repeatOnLifecycle — flow 수집

class ProfileFragment : Fragment() {
    override fun onViewCreated(...) {
        viewLifecycleOwner.lifecycleScope.launch {
            viewLifecycleOwner.repeatOnLifecycle(Lifecycle.State.STARTED) {
                viewModel.user.collect { render(it) }
            }
        }
    }
}

STARTED 이전 / STOP 이후 collect 안 함. 자동 cancel + restart.

Compose 통합

@Composable
fun ProfileScreen(viewModel: ProfileViewModel) {
    val user by viewModel.user.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
    // STARTED 이상일 때만 collect
}

Custom OnLifecycleEvent

DisposableEffect(lifecycleOwner) {
    val observer = LifecycleEventObserver { _, event ->
        when (event) {
            Lifecycle.Event.ON_START -> startTracking()
            Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP -> stopTracking()
            else -> {}
        }
    }
    lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)
    onDispose { lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer) }
}

🤔 의사결정 기준

Owner 사용처
viewLifecycleOwner (Fragment) view 가 살아있는 동안 (대부분)
lifecycle (Activity/Fragment 자체) 인스턴스 lifecycle (Fragment 인스턴스 > view)
LocalLifecycleOwner (Compose) composition 안에서
Service LifecycleService 또는 manual

안티패턴

  • Fragment 에서 lifecycle 대신 viewLifecycleOwner 안 씀: view destroy 후에도 observer 동작 → leak.
  • STARTED 가 아닌 CREATED 에서 UI 갱신: view 가 아직 inflate 안 됨 → crash.
  • lifecycleScope.launch 만, repeatOnLifecycle 없음: 백그라운드에서도 collect → 메모리.
  • observer 제거 안 함 (DisposableEffect 미사용): 의도적 추가만 하고 제거 누락.
  • Compose 에서 collectAsState (lifecycle 무시): 백그라운드 수집. collectAsStateWithLifecycle 사용.

🤖 LLM 활용 힌트

  • Fragment 코드는 viewLifecycleOwner 가 디폴트.
  • Compose 는 collectAsStateWithLifecycle + LocalLifecycleOwner.

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