2nd/10_Wiki/Topics/AI_and_ML/미디어_쿼리(Media_Queries).md

id, title, category, status, canonical_id, aliases, duplicate_of, source_trust_level, confidence_score, verification_status, tags, raw_sources, last_reinforced, github_commit, tech_stack

id	title	category	status	canonical_id	aliases	duplicate_of	source_trust_level	confidence_score	verification_status	tags	raw_sources	last_reinforced	github_commit	tech_stack
wiki-2026-0508-미디어-쿼리-media-queries	미디어 쿼리(Media Queries)	10_Wiki/Topics	verified	self	Media Queries Responsive Design MQ Level 4 MQ Level 5	none	A	0.9	applied	css responsive web accessibility		2026-05-10	pending	language framework css web-platform

미디어 쿼리(Media Queries)

매 한 줄

"매 viewport-level 의 conditional CSS". Media Queries 매 device/viewport feature (width, color-scheme, motion preference) 의 의해 stylesheet 의 적용 의 toggle. 매 2026 의 Container Queries 의 등장 의 component-level 의 위임 — MQ 매 page-level (theme, layout shift, accessibility) 의 책임 만 유지.

매 핵심

매 query type

• width/height: viewport 의 dimension (min-width, max-width).
• orientation: portrait / landscape.
• resolution: min-resolution: 2dppx (retina).
• user preference: prefers-color-scheme, prefers-reduced-motion, prefers-contrast.
• interaction: hover, pointer: fine|coarse.

매 modern syntax (Level 4+)

• Range syntax: (width >= 768px) (vs legacy min-width: 768px).
• Logical: and, or, not.
• Nested 의 native CSS nesting 의 결합.

매 응용

1. Theme toggle — prefers-color-scheme: dark.
2. Accessibility — prefers-reduced-motion: reduce.
3. Page-level breakpoint — header, sidebar 의 layout shift.

💻 패턴

Mobile-first breakpoints (range syntax)

/* base = mobile */
.container { padding: 1rem; }

@media (width >= 640px) {
  .container { padding: 1.5rem; max-width: 640px; margin-inline: auto; }
}

@media (width >= 1024px) {
  .container { max-width: 1024px; padding: 2rem; }
}

@media (width >= 1440px) {
  .container { max-width: 1280px; }
}

Dark mode (system preference)

:root {
  --bg: white;
  --fg: #111;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --bg: #0a0a0a;
    --fg: #f5f5f5;
  }
}

body { background: var(--bg); color: var(--fg); }

Reduced motion (a11y mandatory)

.fade { transition: opacity 300ms ease; }
.spin { animation: rotate 2s linear infinite; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

Hover-capable device 만 hover effect

.card { transform: scale(1); transition: transform 200ms; }

@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .card:hover { transform: scale(1.03); }
}
/* 매 touch device 매 hover state 의 stuck 회피 */

High-DPI / retina assets

.logo {
  background-image: url('/logo.png');
}

@media (min-resolution: 2dppx) {
  .logo { background-image: url('/logo@2x.png'); background-size: contain; }
}

/* 또는 image-set() 의 modern alternative */
.logo {
  background-image: image-set(
    url('/logo.png') 1x,
    url('/logo@2x.png') 2x,
    url('/logo.avif') type('image/avif') 2x
  );
}

CSS nesting + MQ (modern)

.header {
  padding: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;

  @media (width >= 768px) {
    flex-direction: row;
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;

    & .nav { margin-inline-start: auto; }
  }
}

Accessibility: prefers-contrast

:root {
  --border: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

@media (prefers-contrast: more) {
  :root { --border: #000; }
  button { outline: 2px solid currentColor; }
}

MQ vs Container Query 의 분리

/* 매 page-level — MQ */
@media (width >= 1024px) {
  .layout { grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr; }
}

/* 매 component-level — CQ (NOT MQ) */
.card { container-type: inline-size; }
@container (width >= 400px) {
  .card .title { font-size: 1.25rem; }
}

JS 의 MQ matchMedia

const mq = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)');
mq.addEventListener('change', (e) => {
  document.documentElement.dataset.theme = e.matches ? 'dark' : 'light';
});

// initial
document.documentElement.dataset.theme = mq.matches ? 'dark' : 'light';

매 결정 기준

상황	Approach
Component 의 own-size adapt	Container Query (NOT MQ)
Page-level layout shift	Media Query (width >= 1024px)
Theme toggle	prefers-color-scheme + manual override
A11y motion	prefers-reduced-motion: reduce (의무)
Touch vs mouse	(hover: hover) and (pointer: fine)
High-DPI image	image-set() > min-resolution MQ

기본값: page-level layout/theme/a11y → MQ. Component reflow → Container Query.

🔗 Graph

• 부모: CSS Architecture · Responsive Web Design
• 변형: Container Queries · CSS Custom Media Queries
• 응용: Dark Mode 구현 · Mobile-First Design
• Adjacent: CSS Nesting · image-set() · matchMedia API

🤖 LLM 활용

언제: page-level breakpoint, theme switching, a11y compliance, retina asset switching. 언제 X: component-internal reflow — Container Query 의 사용. 매 MQ 의 component coupling 의 anti-pattern.

❌ 안티패턴

• Component sizing 의 MQ 사용: viewport 의 의존 — Container Query 로 마이그레이션.
• Desktop-first: max-width cascade 의 복잡 — mobile-first 의 추천.
• prefers-reduced-motion 의 무시: WCAG 2.1 위반.
• Hover 의 모든 device: touch 의 stuck hover state.
• legacy min-width/max-width 의 mix: range syntax >=/<= 의 통일.

🧪 검증 / 중복

• Verified (MDN Media Queries, CSS MQ Level 4/5 spec, web.dev responsive design).
• 신뢰도 A.

🕓 Changelog

날짜	변경
2026-05-08	Phase 1
2026-05-10	Manual cleanup — MQ Level 4 range syntax + CQ 분리