"매 측정 없이 최적화 없다.". Runtime performance 분석은 sampling profiler + tracing + flame graph + RAIL/Web Vitals metrics 의 stack 으로 매 hot path 와 long task 를 식별. 2026 stack: Chrome Performance panel (Insights AI), perf+FlameGraph, py-spy, eBPF/bpftrace, Datadog APM.
매 핵심
매 Profiler Type
Sampling: 매 N ms 마다 stack 캡처 — 매 low overhead, statistical (perf, py-spy, async-profiler).
Instrumentation: 매 fn enter/exit 기록 — 매 accurate, high overhead.
Tracing: 매 event timeline (Chrome trace, perfetto).
INP (Interaction to Next Paint) < 200ms — 매 FID 대체 (2024+).
CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) < 0.1.
매 응용
Web app TTI/INP 개선.
Backend p99 latency 추적.
Game/XR frame budget.
ML inference latency.
CI pipeline 시간 단축.
💻 패턴
Chrome Performance panel + AI insights
// 매 manual marker — show up in Performance timeline
performance.mark('ai-search:start');constr=awaitsearch(q);performance.mark('ai-search:end');performance.measure('ai-search','ai-search:start','ai-search:end');// 매 record trace in DevTools → AI Insights highlights bottleneck (2025+)