---
id: ios-watchos-patterns
title: watchOS — Watch app / 복잡도 제한 / 통신
category: Coding
status: draft
source_trust_level: B
verification_status: conceptual
created_at: 2026-05-09
updated_at: 2026-05-09
tags: [ios, watchos, vibe-coding]
tech_stack: { language: "Swift / SwiftUI / WatchConnectivity", applicable_to: ["watchOS"] }
applied_in: []
aliases: [watchOS, Apple Watch, complications, WatchConnectivity, WCSession]
---

# watchOS

> 단순 + 빠른. **30초 이상 화면 X**. SwiftUI 표준. iPhone ↔ Watch 통신 = WatchConnectivity. Complications + smart stack 이 진짜 가치.

## 📖 핵심 개념
- App: short interaction (10-30초).
- Complication: 시계 face 의 작은 데이터.
- Smart Stack: 위젯처럼 timeline.
- Connectivity: iPhone 과 데이터 공유.

## 💻 코드 패턴

### Watch app 구조
```swift
@main
struct WatchApp: App {
    var body: some Scene {
        WindowGroup {
            NavigationStack {
                HomeView()
            }
        }
    }
}

struct HomeView: View {
    @StateObject var vm = HomeViewModel()
    var body: some View {
        List(vm.items) { item in
            NavigationLink(value: item) {
                HStack { Image(systemName: "clock"); Text(item.name) }
            }
        }
        .navigationDestination(for: Item.self) { ItemDetail($0) }
    }
}
```

### Complication (WidgetKit, watchOS 9+)
```swift
struct WatchComplication: Widget {
    var body: some WidgetConfiguration {
        StaticConfiguration(kind: "step", provider: StepProvider()) { entry in
            Text("\(entry.steps)")
                .containerBackground(.fill.tertiary, for: .widget)
        }
        .supportedFamilies([
            .accessoryCircular,
            .accessoryCorner,
            .accessoryInline,
            .accessoryRectangular,
        ])
    }
}
```

```swift
struct StepEntry: TimelineEntry {
    let date: Date
    let steps: Int
}

struct StepProvider: TimelineProvider {
    func placeholder(in context: Context) -> StepEntry { StepEntry(date: Date(), steps: 0) }
    func getSnapshot(in context: Context, completion: @escaping (StepEntry) -> Void) { ... }
    func getTimeline(in context: Context, completion: @escaping (Timeline<StepEntry>) -> Void) {
        // 시간별 entries
    }
}
```

### WatchConnectivity (iPhone ↔ Watch)
```swift
import WatchConnectivity

class WCManager: NSObject, ObservableObject, WCSessionDelegate {
    static let shared = WCManager()
    override init() {
        super.init()
        if WCSession.isSupported() {
            WCSession.default.delegate = self
            WCSession.default.activate()
        }
    }
    
    func session(_ session: WCSession, activationDidCompleteWith state: WCSessionActivationState, error: Error?) {}
    
    // Receiving
    func session(_ session: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
        // 즉시 처리
    }

    func session(_ session: WCSession, didReceiveApplicationContext applicationContext: [String: Any]) {
        // 백그라운드 sync 가능
    }
}

// 보내기
WCSession.default.sendMessage(["action": "fetch"], replyHandler: { reply in
    // 즉시 응답
}, errorHandler: { e in print(e) })

// 또는 application context (latest snapshot)
try WCSession.default.updateApplicationContext(["count": 42])
```

### Workout / HealthKit
```swift
import HealthKit

let store = HKHealthStore()
let config = HKWorkoutConfiguration()
config.activityType = .running
config.locationType = .outdoor

let session = try HKWorkoutSession(healthStore: store, configuration: config)
let builder = session.associatedWorkoutBuilder()
session.startActivity(with: Date())
// ... data collection
session.end()
try await builder.endCollection(at: Date())
let workout = try await builder.finishWorkout()
```

### Always-On Display (AOD)
```swift
@Environment(\.scenePhase) var scenePhase

// scenePhase = .background → AOD
// 절제된 정보만 (핵심 숫자)
.scenePhaseAware { phase in
    if phase == .background {
        // dim, 단순화
    }
}
```

### Crown rotation
```swift
@State var value: Double = 0

ScrollView {
    Text("\(value)").focusable()
        .digitalCrownRotation($value, from: 0, through: 100, by: 1, sensitivity: .medium, isContinuous: false)
}
```

### Notification (rich)
```swift
class NotificationController: WKUserNotificationHostingController<NotificationView> {
    override var body: NotificationView { NotificationView() }
}
```

## 🤔 의사결정 기준
| 상황 | 권장 |
|---|---|
| 단순 viewer | Complication + Smart Stack |
| 짧은 입력 | 음성 / digital crown |
| 운동 추적 | HealthKit + WorkoutSession |
| iPhone 의존 데이터 | WatchConnectivity + applicationContext |
| 대용량 동기화 | transferUserInfo / file |
| 알림 풍부 | Custom notification view |

## ❌ 안티패턴
- **iOS UI 직접**: 화면 작음 — 단순화.
- **30초 이상 작업**: 화면 sleep. background task.
- **Always-on 무절제 데이터**: 배터리. dim mode.
- **WCSession.sendMessage 큼**: 작은 ping 만. context 사용.
- **Complication 매분 갱신**: 배터리. 시간별.
- **Health permission 미설명**: deny 자주.
- **Crown 무시**: 핵심 입력. 활용.

## 🤖 LLM 활용 힌트
- SwiftUI + WidgetKit (Complication) + WCSession 3종.
- HealthKit 표준.
- 짧고 단순 + Always-On 고려.

## 🔗 관련 문서
- [[iOS_SwiftUI_State_Property_Wrappers]]
- [[iOS_Widget_Extension]]
- [[iOS_Background_Tasks]]