---
id: css-vertical-navbar
title: "CSS Vertical Navbar"
category: "Frontend"
status: "draft"
verification_status: "conceptual"
canonical_id: ""
aliases: ["vertical navbar", "sidenav", "sidebar navigation", "vertical navigation bar", "full-height sidebar"]
duplicate_of: ""
source_trust_level: "B"
confidence_score: 0.87
created_at: 2026-06-23
updated_at: 2026-06-23
review_reason: ""
merge_history: []
tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "navbar", "navigation"]
raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_navbar_vertical.asp"]
applied_in: []
github_commit: ""
---

# [[CSS Vertical Navbar]]

## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
A vertical navbar is built by making the link `<a>` elements `display: block` inside a fixed-width `<ul>`, then layering on hover, active, centered, and full-height fixed-sidebar variations. [S1]

## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
- **Block links** — setting `display: block` on `li a` makes the whole link area clickable and stacks links vertically. [S1]
- **Fixed width** — the `<ul>` is given an explicit `width` (e.g. `200px`). [S1]
- **Hover state** — `li a:hover` changes link background and text color. [S1]
- **Active state** — an `.active` class highlights the current link. [S1]
- **Full-height sidebar** — `height: 100%` + `position: fixed` makes the navbar a sticky, scrollable sidebar. [S1]

## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
- **Block-link vertical stack** — fixed-width `ul` + `display: block` links is the core vertical pattern. [S1]
- **Centered bordered list** — `text-align: center` with `border-bottom` per `li` and `li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }` removes the trailing divider. [S1]
- **Fixed full-height sidenav** — `position: fixed; height: 100%; overflow: auto;` for a scrollable sidebar. [S1]

## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
**Basic vertical navbar with hover** [S1]
```css
ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  width: 200px;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}

li a {
  display: block;
  color: black;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Change the link and background color on hover */
li a:hover {
  background-color: #555555;
  color: white;
}
```

**Active link** [S1]
Add an `active` class to highlight the current link:
```css
.active {
  background-color: #04AA6D;
  color: white;
}
```

**Centered links with borders** [S1]
```css
ul {
  border: 1px solid #555555;
}

li {
  text-align: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #555555;
}

li:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}
```

**Full-height fixed sidebar** [S1]
```css
ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  width: 130px;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
  height: 100%; /* Full height */
  position: fixed; /* Make it stick, even on scroll */
  overflow: auto; /* Enable scrolling if the sidenav has too much content */
}
```

**Note** [S1]
The fixed sidebar example might not work properly on mobile devices.

## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
The page's applied examples are the gray hover navbar, the green `.active` highlight, the centered bordered list with no trailing divider, and the fixed full-height scrollable sidebar. No external project/commit applications found in the source.

## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
Block-link vertical navbar (language: CSS):
```css
li a {
  display: block;
  color: black;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

li a:hover {
  background-color: #555555;
  color: white;
}
```
Fixed full-height sidebar (language: CSS):
```css
ul {
  width: 130px;
  height: 100%;
  position: fixed;
  overflow: auto;
}
```

## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
No contradictions found in the source.

## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
- **상태:** draft
- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
- **신뢰 점수:** 0.87
- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)

## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Navigation Bar]], [[CSS Horizontal Navbar]], [[CSS Position]]
- **참조 맥락:** Referenced when building a sidebar or vertically stacked navigation menu.

## 📚 출처 (Sources)
- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Vertical Navbar — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_navbar_vertical.asp

## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Vertical Navbar" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).