--- id: COMP-LING-001 category: "10_Wiki/๐Ÿ’ก Topics/AI" confidence_score: 1.0 tags: [nlp, linguistics, computational-linguistics, syntax, semantics] last_reinforced: 2026-04-26 --- # Computational Linguistics (๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์–ธ์–ดํ•™) ## ๐Ÿ“Œ ํ•œ ์ค„ ํ†ต์ฐฐ (The Karpathy Summary) > "์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋ผ" โ€” ์ž์—ฐ์–ด์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ž์—ฐ์–ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ(NLP) ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ. ## ๐Ÿ“– ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์ง€์‹ (Synthesized Content) - **์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ํŒจํ„ด:** ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ†ต์‚ฌ๋ก ์ (Syntax) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์ (Semantics) ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์‹ ์–ธ์–ด ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์‚ฐํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์„ ํŒจํ„ด. - **์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ:** - **Syntax Analysis:** ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ ํƒœ๊น…(POS tagging), ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋ถ„์„(Parsing). - **Semantics:** ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ‘œํ˜„ (์˜ˆ: WordNet, Formal Semantics). - **Pragmatics:** ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ๊ณผ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ถ„์„. - **Machine Translation:** ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋งคํ•‘ ๋ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™˜. - **์ง„ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •:** ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜(Rule-based)์—์„œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜(Statistical)์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ, ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜(Neural) ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃธ. ## โš ๏ธ ๋ชจ์ˆœ ๋ฐ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ (Contradictions & RL Update) - **๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ:** ์–ธ์–ดํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ, ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋”ฅ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ „ํ™˜๋จ. - **์ •์ฑ… ๋ณ€ํ™”:** Antigravity ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” LLM์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋˜, ์ง€์‹์˜ ์ •ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ ์–ธ์–ดํ•™์  ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋ถ„์„ ๋„๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์„œ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•์ธํ•จ. ## ๐Ÿ”— ์ง€์‹ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ (Graph) - NLP, [[LLM]], [[Tokenization-Strategies]], [[Knowledge-Graph]] - **Raw Source:** 10_Wiki/Topics/AI/Computational-Linguistics.md