---
id: wiki-2026-0508-long-animation-frames-api
title: Long Animation Frames API
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [LoAF, Long Animation Frames, LongAnimationFrameTiming]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.9
verification_status: applied
tags: [web-performance, loaf, long-tasks, inp, scripting-attribution]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack: { language: js, framework: web-api }
---

# Long Animation Frames API

## 매 한 줄
> **"매 Long Tasks 의 후계자"**. 50ms+ frame 을 잡고 어떤 script 가 원인인지 attribution 까지 — INP 디버깅의 핵심.

## 매 핵심
### 매 vs Long Tasks
| | Long Tasks | Long Animation Frames (LoAF) |
|---|---|---|
| 단위 | 단일 task | rendering frame 전체 (start ~ render) |
| Threshold | 50ms+ | 50ms+ frame duration |
| Attribution | 거의 없음 | scripting source URL, invoker, function |
| Render 정보 | 없음 | renderStart, styleAndLayoutStart, paint |

### 매 timing 분해
- `startTime` → frame 시작
- `renderStart` → render phase 시작
- `styleAndLayoutStart` → style/layout 시작
- `duration` → 총 frame
- `blockingDuration` → blocking 시간
- `scripts[]` → 어떤 스크립트가 얼마나 점유

### 매 응용
1. INP regression 디버깅
2. 3rd-party script 영향 정량화
3. Hydration cost 측정 (Next/Nuxt)
4. RUM 에 attribution 보내기
5. Frame budget violation 알림

## 💻 패턴

### Pattern 1: Basic observer
```js
const obs = new PerformanceObserver((list) => {
  for (const entry of list.getEntries()) {
    if (entry.duration < 50) continue;
    console.log({
      duration: entry.duration,
      blocking: entry.blockingDuration,
      renderStart: entry.renderStart,
      scripts: entry.scripts.map(s => ({
        name: s.name,
        invoker: s.invoker,
        source: s.sourceURL,
        duration: s.duration,
      })),
    });
  }
});
obs.observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });
```

### Pattern 2: Send to RUM with worst script
```js
new PerformanceObserver((list) => {
  for (const e of list.getEntries()) {
    const worst = e.scripts.reduce((a, b) => b.duration > a.duration ? b : a, { duration: 0 });
    sendBeacon("/rum/loaf", JSON.stringify({
      url: location.href,
      duration: e.duration,
      blocking: e.blockingDuration,
      worstScript: worst.sourceURL,
      worstFn: worst.invoker,
    }));
  }
}).observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });
```

### Pattern 3: Budget violation alarm
```js
const FRAME_BUDGET_MS = 100;

new PerformanceObserver((list) => {
  for (const e of list.getEntries()) {
    if (e.duration > FRAME_BUDGET_MS) {
      reportBudgetMiss({
        duration: e.duration,
        scripts: e.scripts.map(s => s.sourceURL),
      });
    }
  }
}).observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });
```

### Pattern 4: 3rd-party attribution
```js
function attributeScript(s) {
  const u = new URL(s.sourceURL || location.href);
  if (u.hostname === location.hostname) return "first-party";
  if (/google|facebook|hotjar|segment/.test(u.hostname)) return "analytics";
  return u.hostname;
}

new PerformanceObserver((list) => {
  const buckets = {};
  for (const e of list.getEntries())
    for (const s of e.scripts) {
      const k = attributeScript(s);
      buckets[k] = (buckets[k] || 0) + s.duration;
    }
  console.table(buckets);
}).observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });
```

### Pattern 5: Hydration measurement
```js
let hydrationFrames = [];
new PerformanceObserver((list) => {
  if (performance.now() < 5000) {  // 첫 5s = hydration phase 가정
    hydrationFrames.push(...list.getEntries());
  }
}).observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });

window.addEventListener("load", () => {
  console.log("Hydration LoAFs:", hydrationFrames.length,
              "total blocking:", hydrationFrames.reduce((s, e) => s + e.blockingDuration, 0));
});
```

### Pattern 6: Tie LoAF to INP event
```js
let recentLoafs = [];
new PerformanceObserver(list => {
  recentLoafs.push(...list.getEntries());
  recentLoafs = recentLoafs.slice(-20);
}).observe({ type: "long-animation-frame", buffered: true });

new PerformanceObserver(list => {
  for (const ev of list.getEntries()) {
    const overlapping = recentLoafs.filter(l =>
      l.startTime <= ev.startTime + ev.duration && l.startTime + l.duration >= ev.startTime
    );
    console.log("INP", ev.duration, "overlapping LoAFs:", overlapping);
  }
}).observe({ type: "event", durationThreshold: 40 });
```

### Pattern 7: Feature detection
```js
const supportsLoAF = PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes?.includes("long-animation-frame");
if (supportsLoAF) { /* observe */ }
else { /* fallback to long-task */ }
```

## 매 결정 기준

| 상황 | API |
|---|---|
| INP debugging | LoAF (attribution 필수) |
| 단순 long task 개수 | longtask 도 충분 |
| Production RUM | LoAF (worst script만 전송) |
| 3rd-party 영향 분석 | LoAF |
| 호환성 필요 | LoAF + longtask fallback |

**기본값**: LoAF observer + RUM beacon + budget alarm.

## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Web_Performance]]
- 변형: [[Long Tasks]] (구세대)
- 응용: [[INP]], [[Core Web Vitals Optimization (INP, LCP, CLS)|Core_Web_Vitals]]
- Adjacent: [[Lighthouse]], [[RUM]]

## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: LoAF dump → "어떤 script 가 가장 비용 비싼가" 분석, 패턴 인식.
**언제 X**: 실시간 sampling 결정 (deterministic threshold), 보안 critical attribution (cross-origin source 제한).

## ❌ 안티패턴
- 모든 LoAF 를 서버로 전송 → bandwidth 폭발 (worst만 전송)
- Long Task 만 보고 INP 디버깅 → 원인 못 찾음
- `buffered: true` 안 씀 → 초기 frame 놓침
- Feature detection 없이 사용 → 구 브라우저 throw
- Cross-origin script `sourceURL` 가려짐 무시 → "(unknown)" 비율 보고

## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (W3C LongAnimationFrameTiming spec, web.dev/articles/long-animation-frames). 신뢰도 A.
- Chrome 123+ 안정 지원, Safari/Firefox 진행 중 (2026-05 기준).

## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — vs LongTasks, attribution + INP correlation patterns |