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10_Wiki/Topic_Programming/Topic_Java/Java_Generics.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+---
+id: java-generics
+title: "Java Generics"
+category: "Programming_Language"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["자바 제네릭"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.9
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["java", "programming", "w3schools", "generics"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_generics.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[Java Generics]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+`<T extends Number>` bounds a generic to only numeric wrapper types specifically so `.doubleValue()` becomes callable inside the class — without that bound, `T` could be any type (including one with no `doubleValue()` method), so the bound isn't just a restriction, it's what makes the generic method's body compile at all. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **Generics** — write classes/interfaces/methods that work across data types without fixing the type in advance. [S1]
+- **Benefits** — code reusability (one class/method, many types), type safety (compile-time error catching), cleaner code (no manual casting). [S1]
+- **Type parameter `<T>`** — a placeholder; becomes concrete (String, Integer, etc.) at usage site. [S1]
+- **Generic class** — `class Box<T> { T value; ... }`. [S1]
+- **Generic method** — `public static <T> void printArray(T[] array) { ... }`. [S1]
+- **Bounded types** — `<T extends Number>` restricts T to Number subclasses, enabling numeric methods like `.doubleValue()` inside the class body. [S1]
+- **Used internally by Collections** — `ArrayList<String>`, `HashMap<K,V>` are themselves generic. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- Generic class: `class Box<T> { T value; void set(T value) { this.value = value; } T get() { return value; } } ... Box<String> stringBox = new Box<>(); Box<Integer> intBox = new Box<>();`. [S1]
+- Generic method: `public static <T> void printArray(T[] array) { for (T item : array) { System.out.println(item); } } ... printArray(names); printArray(numbers);`. [S1]
+- Bounded generic: `class Stats<T extends Number> { T[] nums; double average() { double sum = 0; for (T num : nums) { sum += num.doubleValue(); } return sum / nums.length; } }` — works for both `Integer[]` and `Double[]`. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+소스에서 모순되는 정보는 발견되지 않음.
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — Integer/Double 배열 모두에 동작하는 평균 계산(Stats<T extends Number>)이 경계 제네릭의 대표 실전 사례다. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Bounded generic class computing average for any Number subtype (Java):
+```java
+class Stats<T extends Number> {
+    T[] nums;
+    Stats(T[] nums) { this.nums = nums; }
+    double average() {
+        double sum = 0;
+        for (T num : nums) { sum += num.doubleValue(); }
+        return sum / nums.length;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[Java Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[Java Wrapper Classes]], [[Java ArrayList]], [[Java Annotations]]
+- **참조 맥락:** 타입 안전한 재사용 가능 코드 — Annotations 챕터로 이어짐.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — Java Generics — https://www.w3schools.com/java/java_generics.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "Java Generics" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).