refactor(topics): 멀티 에이전트용 지식 재편 — _Common(공통 기본기) + Domain_* 구조

에이전트 8종(대화형/프로그래머 C·S/디자이너/설계자/기획자/QA/PD/PM)에게
[공통 기본 능력 + 롤별 Specialty] 2층으로 지식을 주입하기 위한 재분류.
문서 내용·포맷은 무수정, 폴더 이동만 (6,372개 문서 수 보존 확인).

- Topic_Programming → Domain_Programming (내부 구조 보존)
- Topic_Graphic → Domain_Design
- Topic_Business → Domain_Product
- Topic_General → Domain_General
- _Common 신설: Math(구 Topic_Math_Specialty), Reasoning(구 General/From_Thinking & Reasoning),
  Reasoning_Creativity(구 General/From_창의성), Communication(Poetic_Blog_Writing + From_writing)
- 타 도메인의 From_* 폴더는 유지 (출처 표기일 뿐, 이미 도메인에 맞게 분류된 문서)
- 빈 폴더 정리 (memory/procedures)
- 에이전트→폴더 매핑은 workspace의 .astra/agent-knowledge-map.json (9개 에이전트)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Antigravity Agent
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---
id: devops-finops-cost
title: FinOps — Cloud cost / Tagging / 최적화
category: Coding
status: draft
source_trust_level: B
verification_status: conceptual
created_at: 2026-05-09
updated_at: 2026-05-09
tags: [devops, finops, cost, vibe-coding]
tech_stack: { language: "Terraform / AWS", applicable_to: ["DevOps"] }
applied_in: []
aliases: [FinOps, cloud cost, tagging, RI, savings plan, spot, rightsizing]
---
# FinOps
> Cloud bill 가 OOC (out of control). **Tag → cost allocation, RI / Savings Plan, spot, rightsizing, idle 제거** 5종. 보통 30-50% 절감 가능.
## 📖 핵심 개념
- Tag: 자원에 메타 (env, team, project).
- Cost allocation: tag 기반 청구.
- Reserved / Savings: 1년+ 약정 = 30-70% 할인.
- Spot: 대기 가능한 작업 = 70-90% 할인.
## 💻 코드 패턴
### Tagging strategy
```hcl
# Terraform — default tags
provider "aws" {
default_tags {
tags = {
Environment = var.env
Team = var.team
Project = var.project
CostCenter = var.cost_center
ManagedBy = "terraform"
}
}
}
```
→ AWS Cost Explorer 가 tag 별 청구 분석.
### IAM 강제 — 미태그 금지
```json
{
"Effect": "Deny",
"Action": ["ec2:RunInstances", "rds:CreateDBInstance"],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"Null": { "aws:RequestTag/Team": "true" }
}
}
```
### 비용 모니터링
```ts
// AWS Cost Explorer API
const ce = new AWS.CostExplorer({ region: 'us-east-1' });
const r = await ce.getCostAndUsage({
TimePeriod: { Start: '2026-05-01', End: '2026-05-09' },
Granularity: 'DAILY',
Metrics: ['UnblendedCost'],
GroupBy: [{ Type: 'TAG', Key: 'Team' }],
}).promise();
```
```yaml
# Slack alert if cost spike
- alert: DailyCostSpike
expr: aws_cost_today > 2 * aws_cost_avg_7d
```
### Reserved Instances / Savings Plans
```
On-demand: $100/month
Reserved 1y: $60 (40% off)
Reserved 3y: $40 (60% off)
Savings Plan: $50 (50% off, 더 유연)
```
→ 안정적 baseline = RI / SP. spike = on-demand.
### Spot instances
```hcl
resource "aws_instance" "worker" {
instance_market_options {
market_type = "spot"
spot_options { max_price = "0.05" }
}
}
```
→ 1-2분 알림 후 종료. Stateless / batch / autoscaling group.
```hcl
# K8s — Karpenter
provisioner:
spec:
requirements:
- { key: karpenter.sh/capacity-type, operator: In, values: [spot, on-demand] }
```
### Rightsizing
```bash
# CloudWatch + Compute Optimizer
aws compute-optimizer get-ec2-instance-recommendations
# → "이 t3.large 는 t3.small 로 충분"
```
→ CPU / memory < 20% 사용 = 작게.
### Idle 자원 (가장 흔한 낭비)
```bash
# 미사용 EBS volumes
aws ec2 describe-volumes --filters Name=status,Values=available
# Idle ELB (no traffic)
# Stopped EC2 (EBS 비용 그대로)
# Old snapshots
aws ec2 describe-snapshots --owner-ids self --query 'Snapshots[?StartTime<`2025-01-01`]'
# Unused EIP
aws ec2 describe-addresses --filters Name=association-id,Values=
```
```bash
# 매일 정리
aws ec2 delete-volume --volume-id $UNATTACHED
```
### Scheduled scaling (dev)
```hcl
# Dev 환경 = 9-18 만 켜기 (50% 절감)
resource "aws_autoscaling_schedule" "off" {
scheduled_action_name = "off-evening"
recurrence = "0 18 * * 1-5"
desired_capacity = 0
...
}
resource "aws_autoscaling_schedule" "on" {
scheduled_action_name = "on-morning"
recurrence = "0 9 * * 1-5"
desired_capacity = 2
}
```
### Data transfer (숨은 비용)
```
Same-AZ: free
Cross-AZ: $0.01/GB
Cross-region: $0.02-0.09/GB
Internet egress: $0.05-0.09/GB
NAT gateway: $0.045/GB + $0.045/hour
→ VPC endpoint 로 S3 / DynamoDB 직접 (free)
```
### S3 storage class
```
Standard: $23/TB/mo
Intelligent-Tier: 자동 전환
Standard-IA: $12.5/TB/mo (가끔 access)
Glacier: $4/TB/mo (long backup)
Glacier Deep: $1/TB/mo (rare)
```
```hcl
resource "aws_s3_bucket_lifecycle_configuration" "main" {
rule {
status = "Enabled"
transition { days = 30; storage_class = "STANDARD_IA" }
transition { days = 90; storage_class = "GLACIER" }
}
}
```
### Budget alarm
```hcl
resource "aws_budgets_budget" "monthly" {
name = "monthly"
budget_type = "COST"
limit_amount = "10000"
limit_unit = "USD"
time_unit = "MONTHLY"
notification {
threshold = 80
threshold_type = "PERCENTAGE"
notification_type = "ACTUAL"
subscriber_email_addresses = ["finance@acme.com"]
}
}
```
### LLM cost (위 AI_LLM_Cost_Optimization)
```
LLM = 새로운 cloud bill. 별도 추적.
```
## 🤔 의사결정 기준
| 절감 영역 | 우선순위 |
|---|---|
| Idle 자원 | 즉시 (매주 cleanup) |
| Rightsizing | 월별 |
| Tag + visibility | 즉시 |
| RI / Savings | 6개월 안정 후 |
| Spot | Stateless 작업 |
| Data transfer | VPC endpoint |
| S3 lifecycle | 항상 |
## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Tag 없음**: cost 누구 책임 모름.
- **모든 자원 on-demand**: RI / SP 없으면 30-70% 더.
- **Dev 24h 켜둠**: 70% 낭비.
- **Spot prod stateful**: 강제 종료 시 데이터 잃음.
- **Snapshot / EBS / EIP 청소 X**: 매월 누적.
- **Cross-AZ 무절제**: $$$/GB.
- **Cost monitoring 없음**: 청구서 보고 놀람.
## 🤖 LLM 활용 힌트
- Tag → visibility → 액션.
- Idle 청소가 가장 ROI.
- Spot + Karpenter 자동.
## 🔗 관련 문서
- [[DevOps_Terraform_Patterns]]
- [[DevOps_Kubernetes_Basics]]
- [[AI_LLM_Cost_Optimization]]