refactor(topics): 멀티 에이전트용 지식 재편 — _Common(공통 기본기) + Domain_* 구조

에이전트 8종(대화형/프로그래머 C·S/디자이너/설계자/기획자/QA/PD/PM)에게
[공통 기본 능력 + 롤별 Specialty] 2층으로 지식을 주입하기 위한 재분류.
문서 내용·포맷은 무수정, 폴더 이동만 (6,372개 문서 수 보존 확인).

- Topic_Programming → Domain_Programming (내부 구조 보존)
- Topic_Graphic → Domain_Design
- Topic_Business → Domain_Product
- Topic_General → Domain_General
- _Common 신설: Math(구 Topic_Math_Specialty), Reasoning(구 General/From_Thinking & Reasoning),
  Reasoning_Creativity(구 General/From_창의성), Communication(Poetic_Blog_Writing + From_writing)
- 타 도메인의 From_* 폴더는 유지 (출처 표기일 뿐, 이미 도메인에 맞게 분류된 문서)
- 빈 폴더 정리 (memory/procedures)
- 에이전트→폴더 매핑은 workspace의 .astra/agent-knowledge-map.json (9개 에이전트)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Antigravity Agent
2026-07-11 11:05:56 +09:00
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---
id: wiki-2026-0508-solow-growth-model
title: Solow Growth Model
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [Solow-Swan Model, Neoclassical Growth Model, Exogenous Growth Model]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.95
verification_status: applied
tags: [economics, macroeconomics, growth, modeling]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
language: python
framework: numpy
---
# Solow Growth Model
## 매 한 줄
> **"매 자본 축적 매 한계 — 매 기술이 매 진짜 성장"**. Solow(1956) · Swan(1956) 매 neoclassical growth model — Y=F(K,L) 매 diminishing returns 매 가정, 매 long-run growth 매 exogenous technology(A) 의 driver. 매 macro · cross-country growth · 매 software engineering productivity 의 mental model.
## 매 핵심
### 매 Production function
- **Y = A · F(K, L)**, F is Cobb-Douglas: `Y = A · K^α · L^(1-α)`, 0 < α < 1.
- **Per-worker form**: `y = A · k^α`, where `y=Y/L`, `k=K/L`.
- **Capital accumulation**: `Δk = s·y (n + δ + g)·k`.
- `s` = savings rate, `n` = labor growth, `δ` = depreciation, `g` = tech growth.
### 매 Steady state
- **k\***: `s · A · k*^α = (n+δ+g) · k*``k* = (sA/(n+δ+g))^(1/(1-α))`.
- 매 steady state 매 per-capita output 매 grow at rate `g` (tech). 매 K alone 매 cannot drive growth.
### 매 Convergence
- **Conditional convergence**: 같은 (s, n, δ) 매 country 매 매 same k* 매 수렴. 매 catch-up.
- **Empirical**: cross-country regression 매 ~2% / year convergence.
### 매 응용
1. Cross-country growth 비교 (Mankiw-Romer-Weil augmented Solow).
2. Endogenous growth 의 baseline (Romer, Lucas 매 critique).
3. SWE productivity analogy: hiring(L) · tooling(K) · 매 process improvement(A).
## 💻 패턴
### Numerical simulation
```python
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def solow(s=0.25, alpha=0.33, delta=0.05, n=0.01, g=0.02, A0=1.0,
k0=1.0, T=200):
k = np.empty(T); k[0] = k0
A = A0
for t in range(1, T):
y = A * k[t-1]**alpha
k[t] = (s*y + (1-delta-n-g)*k[t-1])
A *= (1+g)
return k
k = solow()
plt.plot(k); plt.xlabel('t'); plt.ylabel('k(t)'); plt.show()
```
### Steady state solver
```python
def k_star(s, alpha, n, delta, g, A=1.0):
return (s*A / (n + delta + g)) ** (1/(1-alpha))
print(k_star(s=0.25, alpha=0.33, n=0.01, delta=0.05, g=0.02)) # ~ 4.79
```
### Golden rule savings rate
```python
# 매 c = (1-s)·y 매 maximize at steady state
# d c*/ds = 0 → s_gold = α
alpha = 0.33
s_golden = alpha # 매 Cobb-Douglas의 closed-form
print(f'Golden rule s = {s_golden}')
```
### Convergence half-life
```python
import math
# Convergence speed λ = (1-α)·(n+δ+g)
def half_life(alpha=0.33, n=0.01, delta=0.05, g=0.02):
lam = (1-alpha)*(n+delta+g)
return math.log(2)/lam
print(half_life()) # ~ 17.3 years
```
### Augmented Solow (human capital, MRW 1992)
```python
# Y = K^α · H^β · (AL)^(1-α-β)
def mrw(s_k=0.25, s_h=0.10, alpha=0.33, beta=0.28,
n=0.01, delta=0.05, g=0.02):
factor = (n+delta+g)
k = (s_k**(1-beta) * s_h**beta / factor) ** (1/(1-alpha-beta))
h = (s_k**alpha * s_h**(1-alpha) / factor) ** (1/(1-alpha-beta))
return k, h
```
### Cross-country fit (sketch)
```python
import statsmodels.api as sm
# log(y) = β0 + β1·log(s) + β2·log(n+δ+g) + ε
X = sm.add_constant(df[['log_s','log_n_d_g']])
res = sm.OLS(df['log_y'], X).fit()
print(res.summary())
```
## 매 결정 기준
| 질문 | Answer (Solow) |
|---|---|
| Why poor countries grow faster? | conditional convergence (k below k*) |
| Why long-run growth? | exogenous tech `g` |
| Effect of higher s? | higher k* · level shift, no LR growth boost |
| Effect of higher n? | lower k* (capital dilution) |
| Limitation? | tech 매 unexplained — endogenous models 의 motivation |
**기본값**: Cobb-Douglas with α≈1/3, δ≈0.05, g≈0.02 매 textbook calibration.
## 🔗 Graph
## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: macro 교육 자료, 매 calibration 의 sanity check, 매 cross-country comparison setup.
**언제 X**: forecasting 매 short-run 매 부적합 — 매 DSGE / VAR 의 사용.
## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Tech as endogenous in pure Solow**: 매 g 매 model 의 외부 — 매 Romer 매 needed.
- **Ignoring human capital**: 매 MRW augmented form 매 더 정확.
- **Closed economy assumption**: 매 capital flows 매 무시 → real-world deviation.
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (Solow 1956 *QJE*; Mankiw-Romer-Weil 1992; Acemoglu *Modern Economic Growth* ch.2).
- 신뢰도 A.
## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — full content (math + 6 simulations) |