refactor(topics): 멀티 에이전트용 지식 재편 — _Common(공통 기본기) + Domain_* 구조
에이전트 8종(대화형/프로그래머 C·S/디자이너/설계자/기획자/QA/PD/PM)에게 [공통 기본 능력 + 롤별 Specialty] 2층으로 지식을 주입하기 위한 재분류. 문서 내용·포맷은 무수정, 폴더 이동만 (6,372개 문서 수 보존 확인). - Topic_Programming → Domain_Programming (내부 구조 보존) - Topic_Graphic → Domain_Design - Topic_Business → Domain_Product - Topic_General → Domain_General - _Common 신설: Math(구 Topic_Math_Specialty), Reasoning(구 General/From_Thinking & Reasoning), Reasoning_Creativity(구 General/From_창의성), Communication(Poetic_Blog_Writing + From_writing) - 타 도메인의 From_* 폴더는 유지 (출처 표기일 뿐, 이미 도메인에 맞게 분류된 문서) - 빈 폴더 정리 (memory/procedures) - 에이전트→폴더 매핑은 workspace의 .astra/agent-knowledge-map.json (9개 에이전트) Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Antigravity Agent
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---
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id: wiki-2026-0508-real-time-engine-rte
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title: Real-Time Engine (RTE)
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category: 10_Wiki/Topics
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status: verified
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canonical_id: self
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aliases: [RTE, Real-Time Game Engine, Real-Time Rendering Engine]
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duplicate_of: none
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source_trust_level: A
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confidence_score: 0.9
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verification_status: applied
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tags: [gamedev, rendering, engine, real-time]
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raw_sources: []
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last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
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github_commit: pending
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tech_stack:
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language: cpp
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framework: unreal-unity-bevy
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---
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# Real-Time Engine (RTE)
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## 매 한 줄
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> **"매 16ms (60fps) / 8ms (120fps) budget 매 frame 매 모든 sim+render"**. Unreal 5.5 / Unity 6 / Godot 4 / Bevy / O3DE — 매 2026 stack. 매 Nanite + Lumen + ML upscaling (DLSS 4, FSR 4) 매 default.
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## 매 핵심
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### 매 frame anatomy
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- **Input** (~1ms): controller, mouse, network input.
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- **Game tick** (1-3ms): AI, physics, gameplay scripts.
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- **Animation** (1-2ms): skeletal blend, IK.
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- **Render prep** (1-2ms): culling, batching.
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- **GPU render** (5-10ms): shadows, GBuffer, lighting, post.
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- **Present**: vsync / VRR.
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### 매 subsystems
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- **Renderer**: forward / deferred / clustered; raytracing + rasterization hybrid.
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- **Physics**: PhysX, Jolt, Havok, Bullet — rigid + soft + cloth.
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- **Audio**: Wwise, FMOD, MetaSound — spatial, ducking.
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- **Networking**: replication, prediction, rollback netcode (GGPO).
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- **Animation**: state machines, ML motion (Learned Motion Matching).
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- **Streaming**: World Partition (UE5), addressables (Unity).
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### 매 응용
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1. AAA games (Fortnite UE5, Genshin Impact custom).
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2. Cinematic / virtual production (LED wall, ICVFX).
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3. Digital twins / sim (NVIDIA Omniverse).
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4. ArchViz real-time (Twinmotion, Enscape).
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5. Robotics sim (Isaac Sim, Unity ML-Agents).
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## 💻 패턴
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### Game loop (fixed + variable)
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```cpp
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double accumulator = 0.0;
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constexpr double dt = 1.0 / 60.0;
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while (running) {
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double frameTime = std::min(clock.tick(), 0.25);
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accumulator += frameTime;
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while (accumulator >= dt) {
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physics.step(dt); // fixed
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accumulator -= dt;
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}
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double alpha = accumulator / dt;
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render(state.interpolate(alpha)); // variable
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}
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```
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### ECS — Bevy (Rust)
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```rust
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use bevy::prelude::*;
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#[derive(Component)] struct Velocity(Vec3);
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#[derive(Component)] struct Position(Vec3);
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fn movement(mut q: Query<(&mut Position, &Velocity)>, time: Res<Time>) {
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for (mut p, v) in &mut q {
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p.0 += v.0 * time.delta_seconds();
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}
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}
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fn main() {
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App::new()
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.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
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.add_systems(Update, movement)
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.run();
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}
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```
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### Unity DOTS (Burst-compiled job)
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```csharp
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[BurstCompile]
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partial struct MoveJob : IJobEntity {
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public float DeltaTime;
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void Execute(ref LocalTransform t, in Velocity v) {
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t.Position += v.Value * DeltaTime;
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}
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}
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```
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### Unreal Engine (C++ actor tick)
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```cpp
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void AEnemy::Tick(float dt) {
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Super::Tick(dt);
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FVector toPlayer = Player->GetActorLocation() - GetActorLocation();
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AddMovementInput(toPlayer.GetSafeNormal(), 1.0f);
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}
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```
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### Render — compute shader (HLSL)
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```hlsl
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[numthreads(16, 16, 1)]
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void CSMain(uint3 id : SV_DispatchThreadID) {
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float3 normal = NormalTex[id.xy].xyz * 2.0 - 1.0;
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float3 lightDir = normalize(LightPos - WorldPos[id.xy].xyz);
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float ndl = saturate(dot(normal, lightDir));
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Output[id.xy] = float4(Albedo[id.xy].rgb * ndl, 1);
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}
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```
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### Rollback netcode (GGPO-style)
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```cpp
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// Save state every frame, rollback on input arrival
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void onInputReceived(int frame, Input input) {
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if (frame < currentFrame) {
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loadState(frame);
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for (int f = frame; f <= currentFrame; f++) {
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simulate(f, getInputs(f));
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### ML upscaling integration (DLSS 4 / FSR 4 — 2026)
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```cpp
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// Render at 1080p internal, upscale to 4K, frame-gen to 240fps
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DLSSContext ctx;
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ctx.initialize(width=1920, height=1080, target_w=3840, target_h=2160);
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ctx.evaluate(colorIn, motionVectors, depth, jitter, colorOut);
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```
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## 매 결정 기준
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| 상황 | Engine |
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|---|---|
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| 매 AAA, photoreal | Unreal 5.5 + Nanite/Lumen |
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| 매 cross-platform indie | Unity 6 / Godot 4 |
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| 매 Rust-native, ECS | Bevy |
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| 매 mobile-first | Unity / Godot |
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| 매 simulation / robotics | Isaac Sim / Omniverse |
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| 매 fighting game | Custom + GGPO rollback |
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| 매 multiplayer FPS | Unreal + Iris/Replication |
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**기본값**: 매 unknown scope → Unreal 5.5 (free, AAA features). 매 indie → Godot 4.
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## 🔗 Graph
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- 부모: [[Real-time Rendering]]
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- 변형: [[Unity]] · [[Bevy]]
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- 응용: [[Digital Twin]]
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- Adjacent: [[ECS]] · [[Nanite]] · [[Rollback Netcode]]
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## 🤖 LLM 활용
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**언제**: 매 shader scaffolding, 매 gameplay script generation (Blueprint → C++), 매 procedural content prompts. 매 Unreal Copilot / Unity Muse.
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**언제 X**: 매 hot-path optimization — LLM 매 microarchitecture 매 weak. 매 profiler-driven manual.
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **GC in hot path**: 매 frame spike — pool / arena allocator.
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- **Unbatched draw calls**: 매 1000+ per frame — instancing / Nanite.
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- **Sync I/O on game thread**: 매 hitch. 매 async streaming.
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- **Variable physics dt**: 매 nondeterministic — fixed timestep + interpolate.
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- **No frame budgeting**: 매 unconstrained subsystem — profile + cap.
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## 🧪 검증 / 중복
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- Verified (Game Engine Architecture — Gregory 3rd ed; Unreal/Unity docs).
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- 신뢰도 A.
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## 🕓 Changelog
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| 날짜 | 변경 |
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|---|---|
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| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
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| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — full RTE entry with 2026 engines |
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