refactor(topics): 멀티 에이전트용 지식 재편 — _Common(공통 기본기) + Domain_* 구조
에이전트 8종(대화형/프로그래머 C·S/디자이너/설계자/기획자/QA/PD/PM)에게 [공통 기본 능력 + 롤별 Specialty] 2층으로 지식을 주입하기 위한 재분류. 문서 내용·포맷은 무수정, 폴더 이동만 (6,372개 문서 수 보존 확인). - Topic_Programming → Domain_Programming (내부 구조 보존) - Topic_Graphic → Domain_Design - Topic_Business → Domain_Product - Topic_General → Domain_General - _Common 신설: Math(구 Topic_Math_Specialty), Reasoning(구 General/From_Thinking & Reasoning), Reasoning_Creativity(구 General/From_창의성), Communication(Poetic_Blog_Writing + From_writing) - 타 도메인의 From_* 폴더는 유지 (출처 표기일 뿐, 이미 도메인에 맞게 분류된 문서) - 빈 폴더 정리 (memory/procedures) - 에이전트→폴더 매핑은 workspace의 .astra/agent-knowledge-map.json (9개 에이전트) Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Antigravity Agent
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
id: wiki-2026-0508-scada
|
||||
title: SCADA
|
||||
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
|
||||
status: verified
|
||||
canonical_id: self
|
||||
aliases: [Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, ICS SCADA]
|
||||
duplicate_of: none
|
||||
source_trust_level: A
|
||||
confidence_score: 0.9
|
||||
verification_status: applied
|
||||
tags: [scada, ot, ics, security, industrial]
|
||||
raw_sources: []
|
||||
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
|
||||
github_commit: pending
|
||||
tech_stack:
|
||||
language: Python
|
||||
framework: OPC-UA / Modbus
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# SCADA
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 한 줄
|
||||
> **"매 plant floor 의 control plane — 매 sensor → PLC → HMI → historian 의 closed loop"**. 매 1960s mainframe-based supervisory system 으로 출발 → 매 2026 cloud-connected IoT/OT 플랫폼 (AWS IoT SiteWise, Azure Digital Twins) 으로 진화. 매 critical infrastructure (power grid, water, oil&gas) 의 backbone — 매 Stuxnet/Colonial Pipeline 사태 이후 OT cybersecurity 가 국가 안보 의제.
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 핵심
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Architecture stack
|
||||
- **Field layer**: sensors, actuators, RTU (Remote Terminal Unit).
|
||||
- **Control layer**: PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) — Allen-Bradley, Siemens S7, Schneider M580.
|
||||
- **Supervisory layer**: SCADA server, HMI (Human-Machine Interface), historian (OSIsoft PI, AVEVA).
|
||||
- **Enterprise layer**: MES → ERP → cloud analytics.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Protocols
|
||||
- **Legacy**: Modbus (TCP/RTU), DNP3, IEC 60870-5-104, Profibus.
|
||||
- **Modern**: OPC UA (TLS-secured, pub-sub), MQTT Sparkplug B.
|
||||
- **Time-sync**: PTP (IEEE 1588) for sub-microsecond.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 응용
|
||||
1. Power grid SCADA (transmission, distribution automation).
|
||||
2. Water/wastewater treatment.
|
||||
3. Oil & gas pipeline monitoring.
|
||||
4. Manufacturing (steel, semiconductors, pharma).
|
||||
5. Smart building / HVAC.
|
||||
|
||||
## 💻 패턴
|
||||
|
||||
### Modbus TCP read (Python pymodbus)
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from pymodbus.client import ModbusTcpClient
|
||||
|
||||
client = ModbusTcpClient('192.168.1.10', port=502)
|
||||
client.connect()
|
||||
# Read 10 holding registers from address 0
|
||||
result = client.read_holding_registers(address=0, count=10, slave=1)
|
||||
if not result.isError():
|
||||
print(f"Pressure (bar): {result.registers[0] / 100.0}")
|
||||
client.close()
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### OPC UA secure client (asyncua)
|
||||
```python
|
||||
import asyncio
|
||||
from asyncua import Client
|
||||
|
||||
async def main():
|
||||
url = "opc.tcp://plant-scada:4840"
|
||||
async with Client(url=url) as client:
|
||||
await client.set_security_string(
|
||||
"Basic256Sha256,SignAndEncrypt,cert.pem,key.pem"
|
||||
)
|
||||
node = client.get_node("ns=2;s=Reactor1.Temperature")
|
||||
async for msg in node.subscribe_data_change():
|
||||
print(msg)
|
||||
|
||||
asyncio.run(main())
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### MQTT Sparkplug B publish
|
||||
```python
|
||||
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
|
||||
from sparkplug_b import getNodeBirthPayload, addMetric, MetricDataType
|
||||
|
||||
client = mqtt.Client("EdgeNode1")
|
||||
client.tls_set("ca.crt")
|
||||
client.connect("broker.plant.local", 8883)
|
||||
|
||||
payload = getNodeBirthPayload()
|
||||
addMetric(payload, "Temp", None, MetricDataType.Float, 72.3)
|
||||
client.publish("spBv1.0/Plant1/NBIRTH/Edge1", payload.SerializeToString())
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Anomaly detection on historian stream
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from river import anomaly # online learning
|
||||
|
||||
detector = anomaly.HalfSpaceTrees(seed=42, n_trees=25)
|
||||
for ts, val in historian_stream("Boiler.Pressure"):
|
||||
score = detector.score_one({"v": val})
|
||||
if score > 0.85:
|
||||
alert(f"Anomaly @ {ts}: {val} (score={score:.2f})")
|
||||
detector.learn_one({"v": val})
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### PLC-to-cloud bridge (AWS IoT SiteWise)
|
||||
```python
|
||||
import boto3
|
||||
|
||||
sitewise = boto3.client("iotsitewise")
|
||||
sitewise.batch_put_asset_property_value(entries=[{
|
||||
"entryId": "e1",
|
||||
"assetId": ASSET_ID,
|
||||
"propertyId": PROP_ID,
|
||||
"propertyValues": [{
|
||||
"value": {"doubleValue": 72.3},
|
||||
"timestamp": {"timeInSeconds": int(time.time())},
|
||||
"quality": "GOOD",
|
||||
}]
|
||||
}])
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Network segmentation (Purdue model)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
# Level 0-1: field/control — air-gapped or unidirectional
|
||||
# Level 2: SCADA/HMI — restricted VLAN
|
||||
# Level 3: site operations (MES) — DMZ between OT/IT
|
||||
# Level 3.5: OT DMZ — data diode, jump host
|
||||
# Level 4-5: enterprise IT — firewall enforced
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 결정 기준
|
||||
| 상황 | Approach |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| Greenfield critical infra | OPC UA + Sparkplug B + zero-trust |
|
||||
| Brownfield Modbus plant | Protocol gateway (Kepware, HighByte) |
|
||||
| Cloud analytics needed | AWS SiteWise / Azure Digital Twins via data diode |
|
||||
| Sub-ms control loop | Keep on-prem PLC, no cloud |
|
||||
|
||||
**기본값**: OPC UA over TLS + MQTT Sparkplug B + Purdue segmentation.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🔗 Graph
|
||||
- 부모: [[Industrial-IoT]]
|
||||
- 응용: [[Predictive Maintenance]]
|
||||
- Adjacent: [[Digital Twin]] · [[Edge Computing|Edge-Computing]]
|
||||
|
||||
## 🤖 LLM 활용
|
||||
**언제**: alarm summarization, anomaly RCA from historian text, operator copilot for procedure lookup.
|
||||
**언제 X**: closed-loop control (latency, safety, determinism — never let LLM directly actuate).
|
||||
|
||||
## ❌ 안티패턴
|
||||
- **Flat network**: SCADA on same VLAN as office IT — Stuxnet/Colonial Pipeline pattern.
|
||||
- **Default creds**: PLC web UI with admin/admin exposed to internet (Shodan-discoverable).
|
||||
- **Patching frozen**: "we can't patch, plant runs 24/7" — schedule maintenance windows.
|
||||
- **Cloud as primary control**: cloud should be observability/analytics, not safety-critical actuation.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
|
||||
- Verified (NIST SP 800-82r3, IEC 62443, OPC Foundation).
|
||||
- 신뢰도 A.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🕓 Changelog
|
||||
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
|
||||
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — SCADA architecture, protocols, OT security patterns |
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user