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10_Wiki/Topics/Topic_Programming/Topic_CPP/CPP_Break.md

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+---
+id: cpp-break
+title: "C++ Break and Continue"
+category: "Programming_Language"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["break statement", "continue statement", "loop control", "C++ break continue"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.84
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["cpp", "programming-language", "w3schools", "loops", "break", "continue"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/cpp/cpp_break.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[CPP Break and Continue]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+The break-in-while example places `i++` BEFORE the `if (i == 4) break;` check, deliberately different ordering from the continue-in-while example (which places `i++` inside the `if` block before `continue`) — a subtle structural detail showing that where the increment sits relative to the break/continue check must be deliberately designed per-case to avoid either skipping a value or looping forever, unlike a `for` loop where the increment is guaranteed to run automatically regardless of `continue`. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **`break`** — stops the loop COMPLETELY. [S1]
+- **`continue`** — skips the REST of the current iteration and jumps to the next one. [S1]
+- **Works in both `for` and `while` loops** — same semantics apply regardless of loop type. [S1]
+- **Increment placement matters in `while` loops** — unlike `for` loops (where the increment always runs), a `while` loop's increment must be manually placed correctly relative to `continue`, or the loop may infinite-loop or skip incorrectly. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- `break` stopping a for loop at i==4: `for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 4) { break; } cout << i << "\n"; }` — prints 0,1,2,3 then stops entirely. [S1]
+- `continue` skipping just one value: `for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == 4) { continue; } cout << i << "\n"; }` — prints 0,1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9. [S1]
+- `break` in a while loop (increment BEFORE the break check): `int i = 0; while (i < 10) { cout << i << "\n"; i++; if (i == 4) { break; } }`. [S1]
+- `continue` in a while loop (increment INSIDE the if, before continue, to avoid an infinite loop): `int i = 0; while (i < 10) { if (i == 4) { i++; continue; } cout << i << "\n"; i++; }`. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+- **while 루프에서는 증가식 위치를 직접 설계해야 함**: for 루프와 달리 while 루프는 증가식(i++)이 자동으로 실행되지 않으므로, continue를 쓸 때는 continue 이전에 반드시 i++을 넣어야 무한루프를 피할 수 있다는 점이 두 예제(break용/continue용)의 서로 다른 i++ 배치로 확인됨. [S1]
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — while 루프에서 continue를 쓸 때 증가식을 continue 이전에 두어야 무한루프를 방지한다는 점이 실전 디버깅에서 흔히 놓치는 함정으로 시사된다. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Placing the increment before continue in a while loop to avoid an infinite loop (C++):
+```cpp
+int i = 0;
+while (i < 10) {
+  if (i == 4) {
+    i++;      // must increment before continue
+    continue;
+  }
+  cout << i << "\n";
+  i++;
+}
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.84
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[C++ Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[CPP For Loop RealLife]], [[CPP Switch]], [[CPP Arrays]]
+- **참조 맥락:** 반복문 섹션 마지막 — 배열(Arrays) 섹션으로 이어짐.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — C++ Break and Continue — https://www.w3schools.com/cpp/cpp_break.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "C++ Break and Continue" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).