docs(10_Wiki): Topic_Business/General/Graphic/Programming을 Topics/ 하위로 이동

최상위 10_Wiki/Topic_*였던 4개 카테고리 폴더를 10_Wiki/Topics/Topic_* 로 재배치.
콘텐츠 변경 없음(순수 폴더 이동) — Topics/ 하위 나머지 폴더는 이미 지난 커밋에서
전부 정리된 상태(잔존 항목은 에이전트 운영 상태 및 사용자가 보존을 요청한
업데이트0615/무제 3.canvas 뿐).
This commit is contained in:
Antigravity Agent
2026-07-05 00:44:01 +09:00
parent e9cbf23ab5
commit 9a135bd19d
6127 changed files with 0 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
---
id: wiki-2026-0508-memory-leak-debugging-in-javascr
title: Memory Leak Debugging in JavaScript
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [JS Memory Leak, Heap Leak Debugging]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.9
verification_status: applied
tags: [javascript, performance, debugging, memory]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
language: JavaScript
framework: Chrome DevTools
---
# Memory Leak Debugging in JavaScript
## 매 한 줄
> **"매 unintended retention — 매 GC 매 reach 가능한 reference chain 매 끊지 못해 매 heap 매 grows unbounded"**. JS 매 mark-and-sweep GC 자동이지만 매 closure/listener/global/timer 매 long-lived reference 매 object lifecycle 매 의도와 분리시키면 매 leak 발생, 매 Chrome DevTools Heap Snapshot 매 진단 standard.
## 매 핵심
### 매 leak sources (top 5)
- **Detached DOM nodes**: 매 element removed from tree 매 JS reference 잔존.
- **Event listeners**: 매 addEventListener 매 removeEventListener 없이 매 component unmount.
- **Timers**: setInterval/setTimeout 매 cleanup 누락 매 closure 매 모두 retain.
- **Closures**: outer scope variables 매 inner function 매 capture 후 매 long-lived.
- **Global accumulation**: window/globalThis 매 cache/array 매 unbounded push.
### 매 detection tools
- **Chrome DevTools Memory**: Heap snapshot, allocation timeline, allocation sampling.
- **performance.measureUserAgentSpecificMemory()** (Chrome 89+): 매 cross-origin isolated context.
- **Node.js**: --inspect + Chrome DevTools, heapdump module, --heap-prof flag.
- **WeakRef + FinalizationRegistry**: 매 GC 관찰 (debugging only).
### 매 응용
1. SPA 매 route navigation 매 retain leak 진단.
2. Long-running dashboard 매 hour-scale leak 감시.
3. Node.js server 매 RSS growth 매 root cause.
4. React/Vue component lifecycle leak detection.
## 💻 패턴
### Heap snapshot 3-snapshot technique
```
1. App 초기 load → Snapshot 1 (baseline)
2. Suspect action 수행 (modal open/close ×10) → Snapshot 2
3. 동일 action 재수행 → Snapshot 3
4. Snapshot 3 의 Comparison → Snapshot 1
5. "Allocated between snapshots 1 and 3" 의 still-alive objects = leak
```
### Detached DOM 탐색 (DevTools Console)
```js
// Heap snapshot Class filter:
// "Detached HTMLDivElement"
// "Detached HTMLElement"
// 매 instance 매 retainer chain 매 inspect — 매 root retainer 매 leak 출처
```
### Event listener leak — fix pattern
```js
// 매 BAD
class Widget {
constructor() {
window.addEventListener('resize', this.onResize.bind(this));
}
onResize() { /* ... */ }
destroy() { /* listener still attached */ }
}
// 매 GOOD
class Widget {
constructor() {
this.onResize = this.onResize.bind(this);
window.addEventListener('resize', this.onResize);
}
onResize() { /* ... */ }
destroy() {
window.removeEventListener('resize', this.onResize);
}
}
```
### AbortController 매 modern cleanup
```js
class Component {
constructor() {
this.ac = new AbortController();
const { signal } = this.ac;
window.addEventListener('scroll', this.onScroll, { signal });
window.addEventListener('resize', this.onResize, { signal });
fetch('/api', { signal });
}
destroy() {
this.ac.abort(); // 매 모든 listener + fetch 매 한 번에 cleanup
}
}
```
### Timer leak fix
```js
// 매 BAD — closure captures large data
function startPolling(bigData) {
setInterval(() => {
console.log(bigData.length); // bigData retained forever
}, 1000);
}
// 매 GOOD — explicit handle + cleanup
const handle = setInterval(poll, 1000);
function stop() { clearInterval(handle); }
```
### WeakMap 매 cache without leak
```js
// 매 BAD — Map 매 key 매 GC X
const cache = new Map();
function getMeta(node) {
if (!cache.has(node)) cache.set(node, computeMeta(node));
return cache.get(node); // node removed from DOM but still in cache
}
// 매 GOOD — WeakMap key 매 GC 가능
const cache = new WeakMap();
function getMeta(node) {
if (!cache.has(node)) cache.set(node, computeMeta(node));
return cache.get(node);
}
```
### performance.measureUserAgentSpecificMemory
```js
// crossOriginIsolated context (COOP+COEP headers) 필요
if (crossOriginIsolated && performance.measureUserAgentSpecificMemory) {
const result = await performance.measureUserAgentSpecificMemory();
console.log('bytes:', result.bytes);
console.table(result.breakdown);
}
```
### FinalizationRegistry 매 GC 관찰 (debug only)
```js
const registry = new FinalizationRegistry((tag) => {
console.log(`GC'd: ${tag}`);
});
class Tracked {
constructor(name) {
registry.register(this, name);
}
}
new Tracked('widget-1'); // → "GC'd: widget-1" eventually (or never)
```
### Node.js heap snapshot
```bash
node --inspect server.js
# 매 chrome://inspect → Memory → Take heap snapshot
# 또는 programmatic:
```
```js
import { writeHeapSnapshot } from 'node:v8';
const path = writeHeapSnapshot(); // .heapsnapshot file
console.log(`Snapshot: ${path}`);
```
## 매 결정 기준
| 상황 | Tool/Approach |
|---|---|
| Browser SPA growing memory | DevTools Heap Snapshot 3-snapshot |
| 매 frame allocation hotspot | Allocation timeline (sampling) |
| Detached DOM 의심 | Class filter "Detached " in snapshot |
| Node.js RSS growth | writeHeapSnapshot + Chrome DevTools |
| Continuous monitoring (production) | performance.measureUserAgentSpecificMemory |
| Event listener leak | AbortController 매 unified cleanup |
**기본값**: 매 Heap Snapshot 3-snapshot diff — 매 retainer chain 매 따라 root 매 식별.
## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Garbage Collection]]
- Adjacent: [[Chrome DevTools]] · [[AbortController]]
## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: 매 SPA/long-running app 의 메모리 증가, 매 unmount 후 referent 잔존, 매 production memory metrics 의 anomaly.
**언제 X**: 매 short-lived script (CLI tool), 매 GC pause 문제 (different — GC tuning territory).
## ❌ 안티패턴
- **`delete` keyword 의존**: 매 reference 매 nullify 안 함 — 매 다른 reference 매 retain.
- **`window.gc()` 매 production**: 매 only with --expose-gc flag, 매 hint 일 뿐.
- **Allocation timeline 매 production trace**: 매 overhead 매 큼 — 매 staging 에서.
- **One-snapshot 진단**: 매 baseline 없으면 매 noise 와 leak 매 구분 불가.
- **DevTools 매 incognito 가정**: 매 extension 매 heap pollution — 매 incognito + 매 disabled extensions.
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (Chrome DevTools docs, V8 blog, Node.js v8 module).
- 신뢰도 A.
## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — leak source taxonomy + DevTools workflow + AbortController/WeakMap patterns |