docs(10_Wiki): Topic_Business/General/Graphic/Programming을 Topics/ 하위로 이동

최상위 10_Wiki/Topic_*였던 4개 카테고리 폴더를 10_Wiki/Topics/Topic_* 로 재배치. 콘텐츠 변경 없음(순수 폴더 이동) — Topics/ 하위 나머지 폴더는 이미 지난 커밋에서 전부 정리된 상태(잔존 항목은 에이전트 운영 상태 및 사용자가 보존을 요청한 업데이트0615/무제 3.canvas 뿐).
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+---
+id: wiki-2026-0508-monorepo
+title: Monorepo
+category: 10_Wiki/Topics
+status: verified
+canonical_id: self
+aliases: [Mono Repo, Single Repository, Polyrepo Alternative]
+duplicate_of: none
+source_trust_level: A
+confidence_score: 0.9
+verification_status: applied
+tags: [monorepo, build-system, turborepo, nx, bazel]
+raw_sources: []
+last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
+github_commit: pending
+tech_stack:
+  language: typescript
+  framework: turborepo-nx
+---
+
+# Monorepo
+
+## 매 한 줄
+> **"매 single repo, 매 multiple project, 매 shared code, 매 atomic commit"**. Google/Meta scale 의 Bazel/Buck 의 origin. 2026 mainstream 의 Turborepo 2.x / Nx 21 / pnpm workspaces — 매 small team 도 의 monorepo 의 가능.
+
+## 매 핵심
+
+### 매 benefit
+- **Atomic refactor**: 매 lib API change + 매 caller update 의 1 PR.
+- **Shared dependency**: 매 single version policy. No "diamond dep" hell.
+- **Code reuse**: 매 internal lib import 의 trivial.
+- **Unified tooling**: 매 lint, test, CI 의 1 config.
+
+### 매 cost
+- **Build complexity**: 매 selective rebuild 의 essential.
+- **Repo size**: 매 git clone 의 slow. Sparse checkout / partial clone.
+- **CI scaling**: 매 every PR 의 entire repo 의 test = N/A. Affected-only.
+- **Access control**: 매 fine-grained permission 의 hard.
+
+### 매 응용
+1. Frontend + backend + shared types: pnpm workspaces.
+2. 50+ packages, JS/TS heavy: Turborepo or Nx.
+3. Polyglot (Go + Rust + TS), large: Bazel/Pants.
+
+## 💻 패턴
+
+### pnpm workspace
+```yaml
+# pnpm-workspace.yaml
+packages:
+  - "apps/*"
+  - "packages/*"
+```
+
+```json
+// apps/web/package.json
+{
+  "name": "@acme/web",
+  "dependencies": { "@acme/ui": "workspace:*" }
+}
+```
+
+### Turborepo pipeline
+```json
+// turbo.json
+{
+  "$schema": "https://turbo.build/schema.json",
+  "tasks": {
+    "build": {
+      "dependsOn": ["^build"],
+      "outputs": ["dist/**", ".next/**", "!.next/cache/**"]
+    },
+    "test": {
+      "dependsOn": ["build"],
+      "outputs": ["coverage/**"]
+    },
+    "lint": {},
+    "dev": { "cache": false, "persistent": true }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+# build only affected by changes since main
+turbo run build --filter=...[origin/main]
+```
+
+### Nx affected
+```bash
+nx affected -t build test lint --base=origin/main
+nx graph --affected
+```
+
+### Remote cache (Turborepo)
+```bash
+npx turbo login
+npx turbo link
+# pushes/pulls cache from Vercel
+```
+
+### Shared TS config
+```json
+// packages/tsconfig/base.json
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "es2022",
+    "module": "esnext",
+    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
+    "strict": true,
+    "skipLibCheck": true
+  }
+}
+
+// apps/web/tsconfig.json
+{ "extends": "@acme/tsconfig/base.json" }
+```
+
+### Dependency boundary (ESLint)
+```json
+{
+  "rules": {
+    "@nx/enforce-module-boundaries": ["error", {
+      "depConstraints": [
+        { "sourceTag": "scope:web", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:web", "scope:shared"] },
+        { "sourceTag": "scope:api", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:api", "scope:shared"] }
+      ]
+    }]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Changesets (versioning)
+```bash
+pnpm changeset           # author intent
+pnpm changeset version   # bump versions
+pnpm changeset publish   # publish to npm
+```
+
+### Sparse checkout
+```bash
+git clone --filter=blob:none --sparse https://github.com/acme/monorepo
+cd monorepo
+git sparse-checkout set apps/web packages/ui
+```
+
+### CI: changed-files matrix
+```yaml
+# .github/workflows/ci.yml
+jobs:
+  changes:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      packages: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.changes }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
+        id: filter
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            web: apps/web/**
+            api: apps/api/**
+            ui: packages/ui/**
+  build:
+    needs: changes
+    strategy:
+      matrix: { pkg: ${{ fromJSON(needs.changes.outputs.packages) }} }
+    steps:
+      - run: pnpm --filter @acme/${{ matrix.pkg }} build
+```
+
+## 매 결정 기준
+| 상황 | Approach |
+|---|---|
+| 2-5 packages, JS/TS | pnpm workspaces only |
+| 5-50 packages, JS/TS | Turborepo + remote cache |
+| 50+ packages, plugin ecosystem | Nx |
+| Polyglot, Google-scale | Bazel / Pants / Buck2 |
+
+**기본값**: pnpm + Turborepo (TS-heavy projects).
+
+## 🔗 Graph
+- 부모: [[Source-Control]]
+- 응용: [[Modular-Programming]]
+- Adjacent: [[Bazel]] · [[Nx]] · [[Turborepo]] · [[pnpm]]
+
+## 🤖 LLM 활용
+**언제**: 매 task pipeline 의 setup, dependency graph 의 visualize, affected-only command 의 generate, package.json 의 boilerplate.
+**언제 X**: 매 organizational decision (mono vs poly) — Conway's law + team topology judgment.
+
+## ❌ 안티패턴
+- **No build cache**: 매 PR 의 매 full rebuild = CI cost explosion.
+- **Inconsistent tooling**: 매 package 의 own ESLint config = chaos.
+- **Cyclic package deps**: A → B → A. nx graph / turbo 의 detect.
+- **Ignoring affected**: 매 always full test = 매 monorepo 의 advantage 의 lose.
+
+## 🧪 검증 / 중복
+- Verified (Turborepo docs, Nx docs, "Software Engineering at Google" Ch 16, Vercel monorepo handbook 2025).
+- 신뢰도 A.
+
+## 🕓 Changelog
+| 날짜 | 변경 |
+|---|---|
+| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
+| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — canonical monorepo with Turborepo/Nx/pnpm patterns |