docs(10_Wiki): Topic_Business/General/Graphic/Programming을 Topics/ 하위로 이동
최상위 10_Wiki/Topic_*였던 4개 카테고리 폴더를 10_Wiki/Topics/Topic_* 로 재배치. 콘텐츠 변경 없음(순수 폴더 이동) — Topics/ 하위 나머지 폴더는 이미 지난 커밋에서 전부 정리된 상태(잔존 항목은 에이전트 운영 상태 및 사용자가 보존을 요청한 업데이트0615/무제 3.canvas 뿐).
This commit is contained in:
Antigravity Agent
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
id: wiki-2026-0508-istio
|
||||
title: Istio
|
||||
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
|
||||
status: verified
|
||||
canonical_id: self
|
||||
aliases: [Istio Service Mesh, Istio Ambient]
|
||||
duplicate_of: none
|
||||
source_trust_level: A
|
||||
confidence_score: 0.9
|
||||
verification_status: applied
|
||||
tags: [service-mesh, kubernetes, observability, traffic-management]
|
||||
raw_sources: []
|
||||
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
|
||||
github_commit: pending
|
||||
tech_stack:
|
||||
language: yaml
|
||||
framework: kubernetes
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Istio
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 한 줄
|
||||
> **"매 Kubernetes 위 의 zero-code service mesh"**. 2017 Google/IBM/Lyft 출시, mTLS + traffic routing + observability 를 매 application code 변경 없이 제공. 2026 의 dominant mode 는 **Ambient Mesh** (sidecar-less, ztunnel + waypoint proxy) — sidecar Istio 의 resource overhead 와 operational complexity 를 줄임.
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 핵심
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 architecture (Ambient, 2026 default)
|
||||
- **ztunnel**: 매 node-level L4 proxy (Rust). mTLS + identity (SPIFFE).
|
||||
- **Waypoint proxy**: 매 namespace/service-level L7 proxy (Envoy). 매 optional, L7 policy 필요 시만.
|
||||
- **istiod**: control plane — config distribution, certificate management.
|
||||
- **CNI plugin**: 매 pod traffic 의 ztunnel redirect.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Sidecar mode (legacy, still supported)
|
||||
- 매 pod 마다 Envoy sidecar inject.
|
||||
- 매 더 mature, fine-grained per-pod control.
|
||||
- 매 resource overhead 의 매 pod 마다 ~50-100 MB.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 핵심 capabilities
|
||||
1. **mTLS**: 매 service 간 자동 암호화 + identity verification.
|
||||
2. **Traffic management**: VirtualService, DestinationRule, canary, A/B, circuit breaker.
|
||||
3. **Observability**: Prometheus metrics, distributed tracing (OTel), access logs.
|
||||
4. **Authorization**: AuthorizationPolicy (L4/L7).
|
||||
5. **Multi-cluster**: cross-cluster service discovery, federated mesh.
|
||||
|
||||
## 💻 패턴
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Install (Ambient mode, 2026)
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# istioctl 1.24+ (2026 LTS)
|
||||
istioctl install --set profile=ambient -y
|
||||
|
||||
# Enable namespace for ambient
|
||||
kubectl label namespace prod istio.io/dataplane-mode=ambient
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. mTLS strict mode
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: PeerAuthentication
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: default
|
||||
namespace: istio-system
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
mtls:
|
||||
mode: STRICT
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Canary deployment (VirtualService)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: VirtualService
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: reviews
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
hosts: [reviews]
|
||||
http:
|
||||
- match:
|
||||
- headers:
|
||||
x-canary: { exact: "true" }
|
||||
route:
|
||||
- destination: { host: reviews, subset: v2 }
|
||||
- route:
|
||||
- destination: { host: reviews, subset: v1 }
|
||||
weight: 90
|
||||
- destination: { host: reviews, subset: v2 }
|
||||
weight: 10
|
||||
---
|
||||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||||
metadata: { name: reviews }
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
host: reviews
|
||||
subsets:
|
||||
- name: v1
|
||||
labels: { version: v1 }
|
||||
- name: v2
|
||||
labels: { version: v2 }
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. AuthorizationPolicy (zero-trust)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: AuthorizationPolicy
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: reviews-allow
|
||||
namespace: prod
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
matchLabels: { app: reviews }
|
||||
rules:
|
||||
- from:
|
||||
- source:
|
||||
principals: ["cluster.local/ns/prod/sa/productpage"]
|
||||
to:
|
||||
- operation:
|
||||
methods: ["GET"]
|
||||
paths: ["/reviews/*"]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Circuit breaker
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: DestinationRule
|
||||
metadata: { name: reviews-cb }
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
host: reviews
|
||||
trafficPolicy:
|
||||
connectionPool:
|
||||
tcp: { maxConnections: 100 }
|
||||
http:
|
||||
http1MaxPendingRequests: 50
|
||||
maxRequestsPerConnection: 10
|
||||
outlierDetection:
|
||||
consecutive5xxErrors: 5
|
||||
interval: 30s
|
||||
baseEjectionTime: 60s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Waypoint proxy (L7 in Ambient)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
|
||||
kind: Gateway
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: reviews-waypoint
|
||||
namespace: prod
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
gatewayClassName: istio-waypoint
|
||||
listeners:
|
||||
- name: mesh
|
||||
port: 15008
|
||||
protocol: HBONE
|
||||
---
|
||||
# Then attach via label
|
||||
# kubectl label svc reviews istio.io/use-waypoint=reviews-waypoint
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. Telemetry (custom metrics)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: telemetry.istio.io/v1
|
||||
kind: Telemetry
|
||||
metadata: { name: prom-tags }
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
metrics:
|
||||
- providers: [{ name: prometheus }]
|
||||
overrides:
|
||||
- match: { metric: REQUEST_COUNT }
|
||||
tagOverrides:
|
||||
tenant: { value: 'request.headers["x-tenant"]' }
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 결정 기준
|
||||
| 상황 | Approach |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| New install, K8s native | Istio Ambient (sidecar-less). |
|
||||
| Existing sidecar deployment | Stay on sidecar 또는 gradual migration. |
|
||||
| Simple use case (<10 services, mTLS only) | Linkerd (lighter). |
|
||||
| Multi-cluster federation | Istio multi-primary. |
|
||||
| Edge/non-K8s | Consul Connect 또는 Cilium Service Mesh. |
|
||||
| eBPF-native preference | Cilium Service Mesh. |
|
||||
|
||||
**기본값**: K8s service mesh 신규 도입 시 매 Istio Ambient. 매 small mesh 는 Linkerd 의 simplicity 가 win.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🔗 Graph
|
||||
- 부모: [[Service Mesh]] · [[Kubernetes]]
|
||||
- 변형: [[Istio Ambient]] · [[Linkerd]]
|
||||
- 응용: [[mTLS]] · [[Circuit Breaker]]
|
||||
- Adjacent: [[SPIFFE]]
|
||||
|
||||
## 🤖 LLM 활용
|
||||
**언제**: zero-trust microservice security, traffic shaping, multi-cluster federation, observability without code change.
|
||||
**언제 X**: monolith, <5 services (overhead > value), 매 단순 ingress 만 필요 (Gateway API only).
|
||||
|
||||
## ❌ 안티패턴
|
||||
- **Sidecar everywhere by default**: 매 2026 에서 Ambient 가 default — sidecar 의 매 50-100MB/pod overhead 불필요.
|
||||
- **Strict mTLS without migration**: 매 PERMISSIVE 단계 없이 STRICT 적용 시 매 plain-text legacy client 의 instant outage.
|
||||
- **VirtualService catch-all 누락**: 매 match rule 의 fallback 없으면 매 traffic black hole.
|
||||
- **istiod single replica**: 매 control plane SPOF — 매 minimum 2 replicas + PDB.
|
||||
- **No circuit breaker**: 매 cascading failure 의 매 mesh-wide outage.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
|
||||
- Verified (istio.io official docs, KubeCon 2025 Ambient GA announcement).
|
||||
- 신뢰도 A.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🕓 Changelog
|
||||
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
|
||||
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — Ambient mesh as 2026 default + sidecar legacy positioning |
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user