docs(10_Wiki): Topic_Business/General/Graphic/Programming을 Topics/ 하위로 이동
최상위 10_Wiki/Topic_*였던 4개 카테고리 폴더를 10_Wiki/Topics/Topic_* 로 재배치. 콘텐츠 변경 없음(순수 폴더 이동) — Topics/ 하위 나머지 폴더는 이미 지난 커밋에서 전부 정리된 상태(잔존 항목은 에이전트 운영 상태 및 사용자가 보존을 요청한 업데이트0615/무제 3.canvas 뿐).
This commit is contained in:
Antigravity Agent
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
id: wiki-2026-0508-software-architecture-pattern
|
||||
title: Software Architecture Pattern
|
||||
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
|
||||
status: verified
|
||||
canonical_id: self
|
||||
aliases: [Architecture Patterns, System Design Patterns]
|
||||
duplicate_of: none
|
||||
source_trust_level: A
|
||||
confidence_score: 0.9
|
||||
verification_status: applied
|
||||
tags: [architecture, patterns, system-design, microservices, serverless]
|
||||
raw_sources: []
|
||||
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
|
||||
github_commit: pending
|
||||
tech_stack:
|
||||
language: multi
|
||||
framework: kubernetes/serverless/edge
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Software Architecture Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 한 줄
|
||||
> **"매 architecture pattern 의 problem-driven choice — layered (CRUD), microservices (org / scale), event-driven (decouple), hexagonal (testability), serverless / edge (ops scale)"**. 매 2026 의 reality 의 hybrid — modular monolith + selective microservices + event backbone (Kafka / NATS) + edge (Cloudflare Workers / Deno Deploy / Vercel). 매 single-pattern dogma X — 매 trade-off 의 explicit.
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 핵심
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Major patterns
|
||||
- **Layered (n-tier)**: presentation / business / data — 매 CRUD default.
|
||||
- **Microservices**: 매 service 의 independent deploy + own DB.
|
||||
- **Event-driven (EDA)**: 매 producer-consumer + queue / log.
|
||||
- **Hexagonal (ports & adapters)**: 매 domain 의 IO 의 isolate.
|
||||
- **CQRS + Event Sourcing**: read / write split, append-only event.
|
||||
- **Modular Monolith**: 매 monolith 위 의 boundary — 매 underrated 2026 default.
|
||||
- **Serverless**: FaaS, 매 ops-zero, cold-start trade.
|
||||
- **Edge / Distributed**: 매 user-near, 매 SQLite-replicated (Turso, D1).
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Cross-cutting
|
||||
- **API Gateway**: 매 frontend의 single entry.
|
||||
- **BFF**: 매 client-specific aggregator.
|
||||
- **Saga**: 매 distributed transaction.
|
||||
- **Outbox**: 매 db + event 의 atomic publish.
|
||||
- **CRDT**: 매 multi-region eventual consistency.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 Modern (2026) trends
|
||||
- **Modular monolith** 의 first — 매 microservices 의 premature 의 X.
|
||||
- **Edge runtime** (Workers, Lambda@Edge) 의 read path.
|
||||
- **AI-augmented architect** — Claude / GPT-5 의 ADR draft / pattern fit review.
|
||||
- **Event streaming default** — Kafka / Redpanda / NATS JetStream.
|
||||
|
||||
### 매 응용
|
||||
1. SaaS multi-tenant — modular monolith + tenant DB.
|
||||
2. E-commerce — microservices + saga + event backbone.
|
||||
3. Real-time collab — CRDT + edge + WebSocket.
|
||||
4. AI app — gateway + queue + worker (LLM inference).
|
||||
|
||||
## 💻 패턴
|
||||
|
||||
### Hexagonal (ports & adapters, Python)
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from typing import Protocol
|
||||
|
||||
# 매 port (domain interface)
|
||||
class OrderRepo(Protocol):
|
||||
def save(self, order: "Order") -> None: ...
|
||||
def by_id(self, id: str) -> "Order | None": ...
|
||||
|
||||
# 매 domain (pure)
|
||||
class Order:
|
||||
def __init__(self, id, items): self.id, self.items = id, items
|
||||
def total(self): return sum(i.price for i in self.items)
|
||||
|
||||
class PlaceOrder:
|
||||
def __init__(self, repo: OrderRepo): self.repo = repo
|
||||
def __call__(self, order: Order):
|
||||
if order.total() <= 0: raise ValueError("empty")
|
||||
self.repo.save(order)
|
||||
|
||||
# 매 adapter (Postgres impl) — 매 domain 의 zero coupling
|
||||
class PgOrderRepo:
|
||||
def __init__(self, conn): self.conn = conn
|
||||
def save(self, order): self.conn.execute("INSERT ...", ...)
|
||||
def by_id(self, id): ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### CQRS + Event Sourcing (skeleton)
|
||||
```python
|
||||
from dataclasses import dataclass
|
||||
|
||||
@dataclass(frozen=True)
|
||||
class OrderPlaced: order_id: str; total: float
|
||||
|
||||
class OrderAggregate:
|
||||
def __init__(self):
|
||||
self.id = None; self.total = 0
|
||||
def apply(self, event):
|
||||
if isinstance(event, OrderPlaced):
|
||||
self.id = event.order_id; self.total = event.total
|
||||
|
||||
class EventStore:
|
||||
def __init__(self): self.events = []
|
||||
def append(self, e): self.events.append(e)
|
||||
def load(self, id):
|
||||
agg = OrderAggregate()
|
||||
for e in self.events:
|
||||
if getattr(e, "order_id", None) == id: agg.apply(e)
|
||||
return agg
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Outbox pattern (atomic db + event)
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
BEGIN;
|
||||
INSERT INTO orders (id, total) VALUES ('o1', 100);
|
||||
INSERT INTO outbox (aggregate_id, type, payload, created_at)
|
||||
VALUES ('o1', 'OrderPlaced', '{"id":"o1","total":100}', NOW());
|
||||
COMMIT;
|
||||
|
||||
-- 매 worker 의 outbox 의 poll → Kafka publish → mark sent
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Saga (orchestration, TypeScript)
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
async function placeOrderSaga(order: Order) {
|
||||
const compensations: (() => Promise<void>)[] = [];
|
||||
try {
|
||||
await reserveStock(order);
|
||||
compensations.push(() => releaseStock(order));
|
||||
await chargePayment(order);
|
||||
compensations.push(() => refund(order));
|
||||
await scheduleShipment(order);
|
||||
} catch (e) {
|
||||
for (const c of compensations.reverse()) await c().catch(() => {});
|
||||
throw e;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Edge handler (Cloudflare Workers + D1)
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
export default {
|
||||
async fetch(req: Request, env: { DB: D1Database }) {
|
||||
const url = new URL(req.url);
|
||||
if (url.pathname === "/api/post" && req.method === "GET") {
|
||||
const id = url.searchParams.get("id")!;
|
||||
const row = await env.DB.prepare("SELECT * FROM posts WHERE id = ?")
|
||||
.bind(id).first();
|
||||
return Response.json(row, {
|
||||
headers: { "cache-control": "public, max-age=60, s-maxage=300" },
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
return new Response("not found", { status: 404 });
|
||||
},
|
||||
};
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Modular Monolith (Go module structure)
|
||||
```
|
||||
cmd/api/main.go
|
||||
internal/
|
||||
billing/ # 매 module — own domain, own table prefix
|
||||
api.go
|
||||
domain.go
|
||||
repo.go
|
||||
catalog/
|
||||
api.go
|
||||
...
|
||||
shared/
|
||||
events.go # 매 cross-module event bus
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Event-driven (NATS JetStream)
|
||||
```typescript
|
||||
import { connect, JSONCodec } from "nats";
|
||||
const nc = await connect({ servers: "nats://nats:4222" });
|
||||
const js = nc.jetstream();
|
||||
const jc = JSONCodec();
|
||||
|
||||
// publish
|
||||
await js.publish("orders.placed", jc.encode({ id: "o1", total: 100 }));
|
||||
|
||||
// subscribe (durable consumer)
|
||||
const c = await js.consumers.get("ORDERS", "ship-worker");
|
||||
const iter = await c.consume();
|
||||
for await (const m of iter) {
|
||||
await ship(jc.decode(m.data));
|
||||
m.ack();
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### API Gateway (Kong declarative)
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
_format_version: "3.0"
|
||||
services:
|
||||
- name: orders
|
||||
url: http://orders.internal:8080
|
||||
routes: [{ paths: ["/orders"], strip_path: false }]
|
||||
plugins:
|
||||
- name: rate-limiting
|
||||
config: { minute: 60, policy: redis, redis_host: redis }
|
||||
- name: jwt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## 매 결정 기준
|
||||
| 상황 | Pattern |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| Small team, CRUD | Layered or Modular Monolith |
|
||||
| Org scaling, 매 indep deploy | Microservices (with care) |
|
||||
| Audit / replay | Event Sourcing + CQRS |
|
||||
| Read-heavy global | Edge + cache |
|
||||
| Distributed transactions | Saga + Outbox |
|
||||
| Real-time collab | CRDT + WebSocket |
|
||||
| Spiky / unpredictable | Serverless |
|
||||
|
||||
**기본값**: Modular Monolith first. 매 split 의 evidence-driven (org boundary + perf SLO).
|
||||
|
||||
## 🔗 Graph
|
||||
- 부모: [[System-Design]]
|
||||
- 변형: [[Microservices]] · [[Event-Driven-Architecture]] · [[Hexagonal Architecture]] · [[CQRS]]
|
||||
- 응용: [[Modular Monolith]]
|
||||
- Adjacent: [[API-Gateway]] · [[Service Mesh]] · [[Edge Computing|Edge-Computing]]
|
||||
|
||||
## 🤖 LLM 활용
|
||||
**언제**: ADR draft, 매 pattern fit review (problem → pattern recommendation), trade-off matrix generate.
|
||||
**언제 X**: actual capacity planning (load test), team-specific tech-stack lock-in (org context).
|
||||
|
||||
## ❌ 안티패턴
|
||||
- **Premature microservices**: 매 distributed monolith — 매 worst.
|
||||
- **Distributed transaction (2PC)**: 매 saga 의 use.
|
||||
- **Shared DB across services**: 매 microservices 의 violate.
|
||||
- **No outbox**: 매 dual-write inconsistency.
|
||||
- **Pattern dogma**: 매 trade-off 의 explicit X.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
|
||||
- Verified (Fowler, Vernon, Newman, Richardson architecture references).
|
||||
- 신뢰도 A.
|
||||
|
||||
## 🕓 Changelog
|
||||
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|
||||
|---|---|
|
||||
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
|
||||
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — full pattern catalog with code examples |
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user