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Antigravity Agent
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id: wiki-2026-0508-interoperability
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title: Interoperability
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category: 10_Wiki/Topics
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status: verified
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canonical_id: self
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aliases: [Interop, System Integration, Cross-Platform Compatibility]
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duplicate_of: none
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source_trust_level: A
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confidence_score: 0.9
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verification_status: applied
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tags: [systems, protocols, integration, standards]
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raw_sources: []
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last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
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github_commit: pending
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tech_stack:
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language: multi
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framework: standards
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---
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# Interoperability
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## 매 한 줄
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> **"매 different systems 가 매 friction 없이 함께 작동하는 능력"**. 매 syntactic (data format), 매 semantic (meaning), 매 organizational (governance) 의 3 layer 로 분해. 매 2026 의 hot topics: MCP (Model Context Protocol), OpenAPI, gRPC, WebAssembly Component Model.
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## 매 핵심
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### 매 3 layers of interop
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- **Syntactic**: 매 byte-level format 의 agreement (JSON, Protobuf).
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- **Semantic**: 매 field-meaning 의 agreement (schema + ontology).
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- **Organizational**: 매 governance, versioning, deprecation policy.
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### 매 enablers
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- **Open standards**: HTTP, OpenAPI, JSON-Schema, OAuth 2.1.
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- **Schema-first**: Protobuf, Avro, GraphQL SDL.
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- **Capability negotiation**: Accept headers, gRPC reflection, MCP capability handshake.
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- **Adapter pattern**: 매 N×M integration → N+M with hub.
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### 매 응용
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1. **AI tool ecosystem**: MCP 매 LLM ↔ tools 의 universal protocol.
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2. **Microservices**: gRPC + Protobuf 매 polyglot interop.
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3. **Healthcare**: HL7 FHIR 매 EHR interop.
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4. **Cross-cloud**: Open Container Initiative (OCI), CNCF standards.
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## 💻 패턴
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### MCP server (2026 standard)
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```python
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# Model Context Protocol — Anthropic 2024, ubiquitous in 2026
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from mcp.server import Server
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from mcp.types import Tool, TextContent
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server = Server("my-tool")
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@server.list_tools()
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async def list_tools() -> list[Tool]:
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return [Tool(
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name="search",
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description="Search the knowledge base",
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inputSchema={"type": "object", "properties": {"q": {"type": "string"}}}
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)]
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@server.call_tool()
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async def call_tool(name: str, args: dict) -> list[TextContent]:
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if name == "search":
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return [TextContent(type="text", text=do_search(args["q"]))]
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```
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### OpenAPI contract
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```yaml
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# 매 syntactic + semantic interop in one file
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openapi: 3.1.0
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info: { title: User API, version: 2.0.0 }
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paths:
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/users/{id}:
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get:
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parameters:
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- { name: id, in: path, required: true, schema: { type: string } }
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responses:
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'200':
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content:
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application/json:
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schema: { $ref: '#/components/schemas/User' }
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```
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### Protobuf schema-first
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```protobuf
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// user.proto — language-neutral, version-tolerant
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syntax = "proto3";
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package user.v1;
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message User {
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string id = 1;
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string email = 2;
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reserved 3; // 매 deprecated field — 매 forward compat
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optional string display_name = 4;
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}
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```
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### Adapter pattern (N+M interop)
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```python
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class PaymentAdapter:
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def charge(self, amount: int, currency: str) -> str: ...
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class StripeAdapter(PaymentAdapter):
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def charge(self, amount, currency):
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return stripe.Charge.create(amount=amount, currency=currency).id
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class TossAdapter(PaymentAdapter):
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def charge(self, amount, currency):
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return toss.payments.confirm(amount=amount).payment_key
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```
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### Wasm Component Model (2026 cross-language)
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```toml
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# 매 binary interop — Rust ↔ Python ↔ Go via Wasm components
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[package]
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name = "my-component"
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version = "0.1.0"
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[lib]
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crate-type = ["cdylib"]
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[dependencies]
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wit-bindgen = "0.30"
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```
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## 매 결정 기준
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| 상황 | 표준 |
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|---|---|
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| LLM ↔ tools | MCP |
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| REST API contract | OpenAPI 3.1 |
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| High-throughput RPC | gRPC + Protobuf |
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| Cross-language binary | Wasm Component Model |
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| Healthcare data | HL7 FHIR R5 |
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| Auth | OAuth 2.1 + OIDC |
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**기본값**: 매 schema-first + open standard. 매 proprietary format 의 X.
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## 🔗 Graph
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- 부모: [[System-Design]] · [[Distributed-Systems]]
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- 변형: [[API-Design]]
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- 응용: [[MCP]] · [[Protocols]] · [[Microservices]]
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## 🤖 LLM 활용
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**언제**: 매 protocol selection, 매 schema design review, 매 adapter scaffolding.
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**언제 X**: 매 single-team monolith 의 internal modules — over-engineering.
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## ❌ 안티패턴
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- **Snowflake protocols**: 매 in-house custom protocol → 매 every consumer N×N adapters.
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- **Schema drift**: 매 producer / consumer 매 separate schema copies → 매 silent breakage.
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- **No versioning**: 매 breaking change broadcast → cascade failure.
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- **Tight coupling via DB**: 매 shared DB schema 매 anti-interop.
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## 🧪 검증 / 중복
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- Verified (W3C, IETF, IEEE standards; Anthropic MCP 2024 spec; gRPC.io; CNCF landscape 2026).
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- 신뢰도 A.
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## 🕓 Changelog
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| 날짜 | 변경 |
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|---|---|
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| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
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| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — 3-layer interop, MCP/OpenAPI/Wasm patterns |
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