docs(10_Wiki): W3Schools 위키화 — HTML/CSS/JavaScript(core)

W3Schools 튜토리얼을 P-Reinforce v3.1 포맷으로 위키화(영어 본문, 한/영 섹션 헤더). - Topic_HTML: 59문서 (튜토리얼+예제, 레퍼런스/메타 제외) - Topic_CSS: 190문서 (메인 + Advanced/Flexbox/Grid/RWD 전체) - Topic_JavaScript: 120문서 (코어 언어; Temporal/DOM상세/BOM/WebAPI/AJAX/jQuery/Graphics 등은 후속) 각 폴더 00_INDEX.md(MOC) 포함. 코드 verbatim, 미확인분은 "Not found in source" 표기. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-06-23 19:21:18 +09:00
parent 8957890d13
commit 9609c04755
379 changed files with 54618 additions and 6 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+---
+id: html-computercode
+title: "HTML Computercode"
+category: "Frontend"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["computer code elements", "kbd element", "samp element", "code element", "var element", "pre element", "keyboard input"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.90
+created_at: 2026-06-23
+updated_at: 2026-06-23
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["html", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "code", "semantic"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_computercode_elements.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[HTML Computercode]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+HTML provides several semantic elements for marking up user input and computer code — `<kbd>`, `<samp>`, `<code>`, `<var>`, and `<pre>` — most of which render in the browser's default monospace font. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **`<kbd>`** — defines keyboard input; content is displayed in the browser's default monospace font. [S1]
+- **`<samp>`** — defines sample output from a computer program; displayed in monospace. [S1]
+- **`<code>`** — defines a piece of computer code; displayed in monospace, but does NOT preserve extra whitespace and line-breaks. [S1]
+- **`<var>`** — defines a variable in programming or in a mathematical expression; typically displayed in italic. [S1]
+- **`<pre>`** — defines preformatted text; wrapping `<code>` in `<pre>` preserves whitespace and line-breaks. [S1]
+
+## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
+- **Keyboard shortcut markup** — `<kbd>Ctrl + S</kbd>`. [S1]
+- **Program output markup** — `<samp>...</samp>` (with `<br>` for line breaks). [S1]
+- **Inline code** — `<code>...</code>` (whitespace collapses). [S1]
+- **Preserved code block** — `<pre><code>...</code></pre>` to keep whitespace and line-breaks. [S1]
+- **Variable markup** — `<var>b</var>`, `<var>h</var>` for math/programming variables. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+HTML contains several elements for defining user input and computer code. [S1]
+
+**HTML `<kbd>` for keyboard input**
+The HTML `<kbd>` element is used to define keyboard input. The content inside is displayed in the browser's default monospace font. [S1]
+```html
+<p>Save the document by pressing <kbd>Ctrl + S</kbd></p>
+```
+
+**HTML `<samp>` for program output**
+The HTML `<samp>` element is used to define sample output from a computer program. The content inside is displayed in the browser's default monospace font. [S1]
+```html
+<p>Message from my computer:</p>
+<p><samp>File not found.<br>Press F1 to continue</samp></p>
+```
+
+**HTML `<code>` for computer code**
+The HTML `<code>` element is used to define a piece of computer code. The content inside is displayed in the browser's default monospace font. [S1]
+```html
+<code>
+x = 5;
+y = 6;
+z = x + y;
+</code>
+```
+Notice that the `<code>` element does NOT preserve extra whitespace and line-breaks. [S1]
+
+**Preserve line-breaks**
+To preserve extra whitespace and line-breaks, you can put the `<code>` element inside a `<pre>` element: [S1]
+```html
+<pre>
+<code>
+x = 5;
+y = 6;
+z = x + y;
+</code>
+</pre>
+```
+
+**HTML `<var>` for variables**
+The HTML `<var>` element is used to define a variable in programming or in a mathematical expression. The content inside is typically displayed in italic. [S1]
+```html
+<p>The area of a triangle is: 1/2 x <var>b</var> x <var>h</var>, where <var>b</var> is the base, and <var>h</var> is the vertical height.</p>
+```
+
+**Chapter summary**
+- `<kbd>` defines keyboard input
+- `<samp>` defines sample output from a computer program
+- `<code>` defines a piece of computer code
+- `<var>` defines a variable in programming or in a mathematical expression
+- `<pre>` defines preformatted text
+
+[S1]
+
+**HTML computer code elements reference**
+
+| Tag | Description |
+|---|---|
+| `<code>` | Defines programming code |
+| `<kbd>` | Defines keyboard input |
+| `<samp>` | Defines computer output |
+| `<var>` | Defines a variable |
+| `<pre>` | Defines preformatted text |
+
+[S1]
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+The per-element snippets above (keyboard shortcut, program message, code block, preserved code block, variable in a formula) are the canonical applied examples. No external project/commit applications found in the source.
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Keyboard input:
+```html
+<kbd>Ctrl + S</kbd>
+```
+Program output:
+```html
+<samp>File not found.<br>Press F1 to continue</samp>
+```
+Whitespace-preserving code block:
+```html
+<pre><code>
+x = 5;
+y = 6;
+z = x + y;
+</code></pre>
+```
+Variable:
+```html
+<var>b</var>
+```
+
+## ⚖️ 비교 및 선택 기준 (Comparison & decision criteria)
+- **`<code>` alone** — monospace, but collapses extra whitespace and line-breaks; use for inline/short code. [S1]
+- **`<code>` inside `<pre>`** — preserves whitespace and line-breaks; use for multi-line code blocks. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+No contradictions found in the source.
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[HTML Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[HTML Semantics]], [[HTML Formatting]], [[HTML Introduction]], [[HTML Style Guide]]
+- **참조 맥락:** Referenced when documenting code, keyboard shortcuts, program output, or variables within HTML content.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — HTML Computercode — https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_computercode_elements.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "HTML Computercode" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).