docs(10_Wiki): W3Schools 위키화 — HTML/CSS/JavaScript(core)

W3Schools 튜토리얼을 P-Reinforce v3.1 포맷으로 위키화(영어 본문, 한/영 섹션 헤더). - Topic_HTML: 59문서 (튜토리얼+예제, 레퍼런스/메타 제외) - Topic_CSS: 190문서 (메인 + Advanced/Flexbox/Grid/RWD 전체) - Topic_JavaScript: 120문서 (코어 언어; Temporal/DOM상세/BOM/WebAPI/AJAX/jQuery/Graphics 등은 후속) 각 폴더 00_INDEX.md(MOC) 포함. 코드 verbatim, 미확인분은 "Not found in source" 표기. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-06-23 19:21:18 +09:00
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+---
+id: css-styling-links
+title: "CSS Styling Links"
+category: "Frontend"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["styling links", "link states", "a:link a:visited a:hover a:active", "CSS links", "link pseudo-classes", "LVHA order"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.89
+created_at: 2026-06-23
+updated_at: 2026-06-23
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "links", "pseudo-classes"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_link.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[CSS Styling Links]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+HTML links can be styled with many CSS properties depending on their state, and the four link-state pseudo-classes (`:link`, `:visited`, `:hover`, `:active`) must be declared in a specific order for the hover and active styles to take effect. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **Links are styleable** — links can be styled with many CSS properties, e.g. `color`, `font-family`, `background`, etc. [S1]
+- **Four link states** — `a:link` (a normal, unvisited link), `a:visited` (a link the user has visited), `a:hover` (a link when the user mouses over it), `a:active` (a link the moment it is clicked). [S1]
+- **Common decoration** — `text-decoration` is mostly used to remove underlines from links. [S1]
+
+## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
+- **State-ordering rule** — when setting the style for several link states, there are some order rules: `:hover` MUST come after `:link` and `:visited`; `:active` MUST come after `:hover`. [S1]
+- **Per-state styling** — apply distinct property values to each pseudo-class to give feedback on visit/hover/click. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+**Styling Links** — links can be styled with any CSS property (e.g. `color`, `font-family`, `background`, etc.). In addition, links can be styled differently depending on what state they are in. [S1]
+
+**The four link states are:** [S1]
+- `a:link` — a normal, unvisited link
+- `a:visited` — a link the user has visited
+- `a:hover` — a link when the user mouses over it
+- `a:active` — a link the moment it is clicked
+
+**Example — color per state:** [S1]
+```css
+/* unvisited link */
+a:link {
+  color: red;
+}
+
+/* visited link */
+a:visited {
+  color: green;
+}
+
+/* mouse over link */
+a:hover {
+  color: hotpink;
+}
+
+/* selected link */
+a:active {
+  color: blue;
+}
+```
+
+**Note (order rule):** When setting the style for several link states, there are some order rules: `a:hover` MUST come after `a:link` and `a:visited`; `a:active` MUST come after `a:hover`. [S1]
+
+**Text Decoration** — the `text-decoration` property is mostly used to remove underlines from links: [S1]
+```css
+a:link {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:visited {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+a:active {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+```
+
+**Background Color** — the `background-color` property can be used to specify a background color for links: [S1]
+```css
+a:link {
+  background-color: yellow;
+}
+
+a:visited {
+  background-color: cyan;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+  background-color: lightgreen;
+}
+
+a:active {
+  background-color: hotpink;
+}
+```
+
+The page also notes that links can be styled further with properties such as `font-size`, `font-weight`, `font-family`, and the `cursor` property (with various cursor types) — "Not found in source" for the exact code of those additional examples. [S1]
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+The page's own examples apply color, text-decoration, and background-color across the four link states. No external project/commit applications found in the source.
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Correctly ordered link-state styling (language: CSS):
+```css
+a:link    { color: red; }
+a:visited { color: green; }
+a:hover   { color: hotpink; }
+a:active  { color: blue; }
+```
+Remove the underline:
+```css
+a:link {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+```
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+No contradictions found in the source.
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.89
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Link Buttons]], [[CSS Styling Lists]], [[CSS Text]]
+- **참조 맥락:** Referenced when styling anchor elements and giving users visual feedback per link state.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Styling Links — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_link.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Styling Links" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).