docs(10_Wiki): W3Schools 위키화 — HTML/CSS/JavaScript(core)
W3Schools 튜토리얼을 P-Reinforce v3.1 포맷으로 위키화(영어 본문, 한/영 섹션 헤더). - Topic_HTML: 59문서 (튜토리얼+예제, 레퍼런스/메타 제외) - Topic_CSS: 190문서 (메인 + Advanced/Flexbox/Grid/RWD 전체) - Topic_JavaScript: 120문서 (코어 언어; Temporal/DOM상세/BOM/WebAPI/AJAX/jQuery/Graphics 등은 후속) 각 폴더 00_INDEX.md(MOC) 포함. 코드 verbatim, 미확인분은 "Not found in source" 표기. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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id: css-linear-gradients
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title: "CSS Linear Gradients"
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category: "Frontend"
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status: "draft"
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verification_status: "conceptual"
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canonical_id: ""
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aliases: ["linear-gradient", "CSS gradients", "repeating-linear-gradient", "gradient background", "CSS color transitions"]
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duplicate_of: ""
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source_trust_level: "B"
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confidence_score: 0.9
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created_at: 2026-06-23
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updated_at: 2026-06-23
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review_reason: ""
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merge_history: []
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tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "gradients", "linear-gradient", "background-image"]
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raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_gradients.asp"]
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applied_in: []
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github_commit: ""
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---
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# [[CSS Linear Gradients]]
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## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
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CSS gradients let you display smooth transitions between two or more specified colors; a linear gradient (`linear-gradient()`) runs along a straight line whose direction you set with keywords or an angle, and it is applied through the `background-image` property. [S1]
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## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
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- **Gradients = smooth color transitions** — CSS gradients display smooth transitions between two or more specified colors. [S1]
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- **Three gradient types** — CSS defines linear gradients (going straight in a line), radial gradients (defined by a center point), and conic gradients (rotated around a center point). [S1]
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- **Applied via `background-image`** — gradient functions are used as the value of the `background-image` property. [S1]
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- **Linear gradient needs ≥ 2 color stops** — you must define at least two color stops; the gradient transitions between them. [S1]
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- **Direction is optional** — you can specify a direction (with keywords like `to bottom`/`to right`) or an angle; if omitted, the default is top to bottom. [S1]
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## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
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- **Direction-keyword pattern** — `linear-gradient(to <direction>, color1, color2)` to flow toward a side or corner. [S1]
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- **Angle pattern** — `linear-gradient(<deg>, color1, color2)` for precise gradient angles. [S1]
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- **Multi-stop pattern** — list more than two colors to create banded/rainbow transitions. [S1]
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- **Transparency pattern** — use `rgba()` colors whose alpha varies to fade a gradient in or out. [S1]
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- **Repeating pattern** — `repeating-linear-gradient()` repeats a percentage-defined color sequence. [S1]
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## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
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**Syntax** [S1]
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```
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background-image: linear-gradient(direction, color-stop1, color-stop2, ...);
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```
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A linear gradient requires at least two color stops, and you may specify a direction or an angle.
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**Top to Bottom (this is default)** [S1]
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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**Bottom to Top** [S1]
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to top, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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**Left to Right** [S1]
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to right, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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**Diagonal (top-left to bottom-right)** [S1]
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom right, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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**Using Angles** [S1]
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If you want more control over the direction of the gradient, you can define an angle instead of the predefined directions. The angle is specified as an angle between a horizontal line and the gradient line. Reference values: `0deg` = bottom to top, `90deg` = left to right, `180deg` = top to bottom, `270deg` = right to left.
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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**Using Multiple Color Stops** [S1]
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(red, yellow, green);
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}
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```
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Rainbow example:
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to right, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet);
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}
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```
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**Using Transparency** [S1]
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CSS gradients also support transparency, which can be used to create fading effects. To add transparency, use the `rgba()` function to define the color stops. The last parameter in the `rgba()` function is the alpha value, defining the opacity: 0 indicates full transparency, 1 indicates full color (no transparency).
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1));
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}
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```
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**Repeating a linear-gradient** [S1]
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The `repeating-linear-gradient()` function is used to repeat linear gradients.
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%);
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}
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```
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## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
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The page's own demonstrations (the `#grad` element styled with each direction, angle, multi-stop, transparency, and repeating example) serve as the applied examples. No external project/commit applications found in the source.
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## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
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Linear gradient with a direction keyword (language: CSS):
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(to right, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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Linear gradient by angle:
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, red, yellow);
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}
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```
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Repeating linear gradient:
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```css
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#grad {
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background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%);
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}
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```
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## ⚖️ 비교 및 선택 기준 (Comparison & decision criteria)
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- **Direction keyword vs angle** — keywords (`to bottom`, `to right`, `to bottom right`) cover the common axes and corners; an explicit angle (`0deg`/`90deg`/`180deg`/`270deg`) gives more precise control over the gradient direction. [S1]
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- **Single gradient vs repeating** — use `linear-gradient()` for a one-time transition across the box; use `repeating-linear-gradient()` when the percentage-defined color sequence should tile/repeat. [S1]
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- **Solid color stops vs `rgba()`** — use `rgba()` color stops when a fading (transparency) effect is desired rather than an opaque transition. [S1]
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## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
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No contradictions found in the source.
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## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
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- **상태:** draft
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- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
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- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
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- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
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- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
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## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
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- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
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- **관련 개념:** [[CSS Radial Gradients]], [[CSS Conic Gradients]], [[CSS Box Shadow]]
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- **참조 맥락:** Referenced whenever a smooth, direction-based color background is needed via `background-image`.
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## 📚 출처 (Sources)
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- [S1] W3Schools — CSS Linear Gradients — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_gradients.asp
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## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
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- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS Linear Gradients" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
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