[G1-Sync] Manual knowledge update

2026-05-09 21:08:02 +09:00
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+---
+id: android-notification-patterns
+title: Android Notification — 채널 / 권한 / 스타일
+category: Coding
+status: draft
+source_trust_level: B
+verification_status: conceptual
+created_at: 2026-05-09
+updated_at: 2026-05-09
+tags: [android, notification, fcm, vibe-coding]
+tech_stack: { language: "Kotlin / Android", applicable_to: ["Android"] }
+applied_in: []
+aliases: [NotificationChannel, FCM, push, BigText, MessagingStyle, POST_NOTIFICATIONS]
+---
+
+# Android Notification
+
+> Android 8+ = **NotificationChannel 필수**. Android 13+ = POST_NOTIFICATIONS 권한. **Style (BigText/Inbox/Messaging) 으로 풍부**. FCM 으로 push.
+
+## 📖 핵심 개념
+- Channel: 카테고리 (chat / promo / system). 사용자가 채널별 설정.
+- Importance: HIGH (heads-up), DEFAULT, LOW, MIN.
+- Style: 단순 / BigText / BigPicture / Messaging / Media.
+- Action: 인라인 버튼 + 답장 입력.
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴
+
+### Channel 생성 (앱 시작)
+```kotlin
+class App : Application() {
+    override fun onCreate() {
+        super.onCreate()
+        val nm = getSystemService<NotificationManager>()!!
+        nm.createNotificationChannels(listOf(
+            NotificationChannel("chat", "Chat", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH).apply {
+                description = "New messages"
+                enableVibration(true)
+                setSound(soundUri, audioAttrs)
+            },
+            NotificationChannel("promo", "Promotions", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 권한 (13+)
+```kotlin
+private val launcher = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted -> }
+
+if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33 &&
+    ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+    launcher.launch(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+}
+```
+
+```xml
+<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
+```
+
+### 단순 notification
+```kotlin
+val pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(ctx, 0,
+    Intent(ctx, MainActivity::class.java), PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE)
+
+val notif = NotificationCompat.Builder(ctx, "chat")
+    .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_chat)
+    .setContentTitle("Alice")
+    .setContentText("Hi there")
+    .setContentIntent(pi)
+    .setAutoCancel(true)
+    .build()
+
+NotificationManagerCompat.from(ctx).notify(notifId, notif)
+```
+
+### BigText (긴 본문)
+```kotlin
+.setStyle(NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle().bigText(longBody))
+```
+
+### MessagingStyle (chat)
+```kotlin
+val you = Person.Builder().setName("You").build()
+val alice = Person.Builder().setName("Alice").setIcon(...).build()
+
+val style = NotificationCompat.MessagingStyle(you)
+    .setConversationTitle("Alice")
+    .addMessage("Hi", System.currentTimeMillis() - 60_000, alice)
+    .addMessage("Hello", System.currentTimeMillis(), you)
+
+builder.setStyle(style)
+```
+
+### Action + RemoteInput (답장)
+```kotlin
+val replyKey = "key_reply"
+val remoteInput = RemoteInput.Builder(replyKey).setLabel("Reply").build()
+val replyPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(ctx, 0,
+    Intent(ctx, ReplyReceiver::class.java).putExtra("convId", convId),
+    PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT or PendingIntent.FLAG_MUTABLE)
+
+val replyAction = NotificationCompat.Action.Builder(R.drawable.ic_reply, "Reply", replyPI)
+    .addRemoteInput(remoteInput)
+    .setSemanticAction(NotificationCompat.Action.SEMANTIC_ACTION_REPLY)
+    .build()
+
+builder.addAction(replyAction)
+```
+
+```kotlin
+class ReplyReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
+    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+        val text = RemoteInput.getResultsFromIntent(intent)?.getCharSequence("key_reply").toString()
+        // send + update notification
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### FCM (push)
+```kotlin
+class MyFcmService : FirebaseMessagingService() {
+    override fun onMessageReceived(msg: RemoteMessage) {
+        val data = msg.data
+        showNotification(data["title"] ?: "", data["body"] ?: "")
+    }
+
+    override fun onNewToken(token: String) {
+        // 서버에 등록
+    }
+}
+```
+
+```xml
+<service android:name=".MyFcmService" android:exported="false">
+    <intent-filter>
+        <action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
+    </intent-filter>
+</service>
+```
+
+### Group + summary
+```kotlin
+val groupKey = "messages-group"
+
+val notif1 = NotificationCompat.Builder(ctx, "chat").setGroup(groupKey).build()
+val notif2 = NotificationCompat.Builder(ctx, "chat").setGroup(groupKey).build()
+val summary = NotificationCompat.Builder(ctx, "chat")
+    .setGroup(groupKey).setGroupSummary(true)
+    .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_chat)
+    .setContentTitle("3 new messages")
+    .build()
+```
+
+### Heads-up (떠 있는 알림)
+```kotlin
+NotificationChannel(..., IMPORTANCE_HIGH) // 채널이 HIGH
+.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH)
+.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_MESSAGE)
+.setFullScreenIntent(pi, true) // 전화 같은 거 (lock screen 도)
+```
+
+### Image / Avatar
+```kotlin
+.setLargeIcon(bitmap)
+.setStyle(NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle().bigPicture(bigBitmap))
+```
+
+## 🤔 의사결정 기준
+| 종류 | 채널 / 스타일 |
+|---|---|
+| 채팅 | HIGH + MessagingStyle + reply action |
+| 시스템 (sync 완료) | LOW + 단순 |
+| 마케팅 / promo | LOW + dismissable |
+| 진행 중 (다운로드) | LOW + progress |
+| 알람 / 콜 | HIGH + fullScreenIntent |
+
+## ❌ 안티패턴
+- **Channel 안 만들고 notify**: 8+ 에서 안 보임.
+- **권한 미요청 (13+)**: silently 차단.
+- **모든 채널 HIGH**: 사용자 끄기. 적절히.
+- **PendingIntent FLAG_IMMUTABLE 누락 (12+)**: SecurityException.
+- **Group summary 누락 + 많은 알림**: 사용자 화남.
+- **Image inline base64 큼**: 메모리.
+- **`setOngoing(true)` 잘못 쓰면 dismiss 못 함**.
+- **Channel 삭제 + 재생성**: 사용자 설정 잃음.
+
+## 🤖 LLM 활용 힌트
+- Channel + 권한 (13+) + Style + Action 4종.
+- FCM + onMessageReceived → showNotification.
+- Group key + summary.
+
+## 🔗 관련 문서
+- [[Android_Foreground_Service_Patterns]]
+- [[iOS_Push_Notifications]]
+- [[Native_Battery_Network_Profiling]]