docs(10_Wiki): 위키 전체 재구성 — Topic_* 폴더를 4개 카테고리로 통합 + 대규모 중복 제거

Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics/Topics_Biz/Topics_Meeting/Topics_Rag의 마크다운 지식 문서를
Topic_General/Topic_Programming/Topic_Graphic/Topic_Business 4개 카테고리로 재분류.

- 중복 제거: frontmatter의 status:duplicate/merged + duplicate_of/redirect_to 필드로
  자기 자신을 중복으로 선언한 리다이렉트 stub 1032개 제거, 완전 동일 내용 파일 472개 제거,
  동일 파일명·다른 내용 충돌 시 더 큰(완전한) 버전만 유지(162개 제거) — 총 1639개 중복 제거.
- 분류: 폴더 단위로 명확한 항목(AI_and_ML/Coding/Architecture 등 → Programming,
  Comfyui/Visual_Effects → Graphic, Topics_Biz/Topics_Meeting/사업 등 → Business,
  Poetic_Blog_Writing/창의성/Game_Design 등 → General)은 폴더 우선순위로,
  나머지 혼재 폴더(Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics 루트/Thinking & Reasoning/Other/UI_UX_Assets)는
  title/tags 키워드 스코어링으로 파일 단위 분류(불명확한 경우 General로 폴백).
  원본 폴더명은 "From_*" 서브폴더로 보존해 추적 가능성 유지.
- 최종 배치: Programming 2784 / General 1608 / Graphic 285 / Business 249 = 4926개 문서.
- 에이전트 운영 상태(.astra/.agent/.obsidian/sessions/memory/_company/docs/lessons/_shared/src)는
  지식 콘텐츠가 아니므로 재분류 대상에서 제외하고 원위치 유지.
- Topics/Topic_email(상위 보호 폴더 Topic_email과 파일명 100% 중복) 삭제 — 보호 폴더 자체는 미변경.
- 완전히 비게 된 Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics_Biz/Topics_Rag 폴더 제거.
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---
id: wiki-2026-0508-buffergeometry
title: BufferGeometry
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [P-Reinforce-AUTO-2887C6, Three.js BufferGeometry]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.9
verification_status: applied
tags: [graphics, threejs, webgl, performance]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
language: javascript
framework: three.js
---
# BufferGeometry
## 매 한 줄
> **"매 Three.js 의 GPU-resident geometry container — 매 modern Three 의 only geometry class."**. BufferGeometry 는 typed-array 기반 attribute (position, normal, uv, index) 의 GPU upload 를 직접 관리하며, 매 Geometry class deprecation (r125) 이후 표준 — instancing/batching/morph 의 backbone.
## 매 핵심
### 매 Attribute
- **Position** (Float32Array, itemSize=3): vertex coords.
- **Normal** (Float32Array, itemSize=3).
- **UV** (Float32Array, itemSize=2).
- **Index** (Uint16/Uint32Array): triangle list.
- **Custom**: any vertex attribute (color, tangent, instance data).
### 매 Update Strategy
- **Static**: upload once, never modify (default).
- **Dynamic** (`setUsage(DynamicDrawUsage)`): frequent CPU update.
- **Stream**: per-frame update (rare).
### 매 응용
1. Custom shaders with custom attributes.
2. GPU instancing (InstancedBufferAttribute).
3. Procedural geometry generation.
4. Mesh deformation / morphing.
5. GPGPU particle systems.
## 💻 패턴
### Manual Triangle
```javascript
import * as THREE from "three";
const geo = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
const positions = new Float32Array([
0, 1, 0,
-1, -1, 0,
1, -1, 0,
]);
geo.setAttribute("position", new THREE.BufferAttribute(positions, 3));
geo.computeVertexNormals();
```
### Indexed Quad
```javascript
const positions = new Float32Array([-1,-1,0, 1,-1,0, 1,1,0, -1,1,0]);
const indices = new Uint16Array([0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3]);
const geo = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
geo.setAttribute("position", new THREE.BufferAttribute(positions, 3));
geo.setIndex(new THREE.BufferAttribute(indices, 1));
```
### Dynamic Vertex Update
```javascript
const attr = geo.attributes.position;
attr.setUsage(THREE.DynamicDrawUsage);
function tick(t) {
for (let i = 0; i < attr.count; i++) {
attr.setY(i, Math.sin(t + i * 0.1));
}
attr.needsUpdate = true;
}
```
### Custom Shader Attribute
```javascript
const aRandom = new Float32Array(geo.attributes.position.count);
for (let i = 0; i < aRandom.length; i++) aRandom[i] = Math.random();
geo.setAttribute("aRandom", new THREE.BufferAttribute(aRandom, 1));
const mat = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: `attribute float aRandom; varying float vR;
void main(){ vR=aRandom; gl_Position=projectionMatrix*modelViewMatrix*vec4(position,1.); }`,
fragmentShader: `varying float vR; void main(){ gl_FragColor=vec4(vR,vR,vR,1.); }`,
});
```
### Instanced Attribute
```javascript
const N = 10000;
const offsets = new Float32Array(N * 3);
for (let i = 0; i < N; i++) {
offsets[i*3] = (Math.random()-0.5)*100;
offsets[i*3+1] = (Math.random()-0.5)*100;
offsets[i*3+2] = (Math.random()-0.5)*100;
}
const igeo = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry().copy(geo);
igeo.instanceCount = N;
igeo.setAttribute("aOffset", new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(offsets, 3));
```
### Merge Geometries
```javascript
import { mergeGeometries } from "three/addons/utils/BufferGeometryUtils.js";
const merged = mergeGeometries([geoA, geoB, geoC], false);
// single draw call instead of three
```
### Bounding Volume Recompute
```javascript
geo.computeBoundingBox();
geo.computeBoundingSphere(); // required for frustum culling after vertex moves
```
## 매 결정 기준
| 상황 | Approach |
|---|---|
| Static mesh | StaticDrawUsage (default) |
| Per-frame deform | DynamicDrawUsage + needsUpdate |
| Many copies | InstancedBufferGeometry |
| Many distinct meshes | mergeGeometries or BatchedMesh |
| Massive points | BufferGeometry + Points + custom shader |
**기본값**: static indexed BufferGeometry; switch to instanced/merged for >100 copies.
## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Three.js]]
- 변형: [[BatchedMesh]]
- Adjacent: [[BufferAttribute]]
## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: generate procedural geometry boilerplate, debug attribute layout.
**언제 X**: micro-optimization of custom shaders without profiling.
## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Forgetting `needsUpdate = true`**: GPU never re-uploads.
- **Recreating BufferGeometry per frame**: GC pressure — mutate in place.
- **Float32 indices**: not supported — use Uint16/Uint32.
- **No bounding sphere recompute**: frustum-culled erroneously after deform.
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (three.js r170 docs, threejs-journey).
- 신뢰도 A.
## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — attributes, dynamic update, instancing patterns |