docs(10_Wiki): 위키 전체 재구성 — Topic_* 폴더를 4개 카테고리로 통합 + 대규모 중복 제거

Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics/Topics_Biz/Topics_Meeting/Topics_Rag의 마크다운 지식 문서를
Topic_General/Topic_Programming/Topic_Graphic/Topic_Business 4개 카테고리로 재분류.

- 중복 제거: frontmatter의 status:duplicate/merged + duplicate_of/redirect_to 필드로
  자기 자신을 중복으로 선언한 리다이렉트 stub 1032개 제거, 완전 동일 내용 파일 472개 제거,
  동일 파일명·다른 내용 충돌 시 더 큰(완전한) 버전만 유지(162개 제거) — 총 1639개 중복 제거.
- 분류: 폴더 단위로 명확한 항목(AI_and_ML/Coding/Architecture 등 → Programming,
  Comfyui/Visual_Effects → Graphic, Topics_Biz/Topics_Meeting/사업 등 → Business,
  Poetic_Blog_Writing/창의성/Game_Design 등 → General)은 폴더 우선순위로,
  나머지 혼재 폴더(Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics 루트/Thinking & Reasoning/Other/UI_UX_Assets)는
  title/tags 키워드 스코어링으로 파일 단위 분류(불명확한 경우 General로 폴백).
  원본 폴더명은 "From_*" 서브폴더로 보존해 추적 가능성 유지.
- 최종 배치: Programming 2784 / General 1608 / Graphic 285 / Business 249 = 4926개 문서.
- 에이전트 운영 상태(.astra/.agent/.obsidian/sessions/memory/_company/docs/lessons/_shared/src)는
  지식 콘텐츠가 아니므로 재분류 대상에서 제외하고 원위치 유지.
- Topics/Topic_email(상위 보호 폴더 Topic_email과 파일명 100% 중복) 삭제 — 보호 폴더 자체는 미변경.
- 완전히 비게 된 Topic_Agent/Topic_Blog/Topics_Biz/Topics_Rag 폴더 제거.
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---
id: wiki-2026-0508-workflow-integrity
title: Workflow Integrity
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [Workflow Integrity, Pipeline Integrity, Process Integrity]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.9
verification_status: applied
tags: [workflow, integrity, reliability, idempotency, saga, durable-execution]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
language: TypeScript
framework: Temporal / Inngest / Restate
---
# Workflow Integrity
## 매 한 줄
> **"매 step 의 fail 해도, 매 workflow 의 correct"**. 매 distributed workflow 의 integrity property — 매 idempotency, 매 atomicity, 매 ordering, 매 exactly-once effect 의 통한 매 partial failure 의 resilience. 매 2026 의 표준 tooling: Temporal / Inngest / Restate / Cloudflare Durable Objects — 매 durable execution 의 paradigm.
## 매 핵심
### 매 integrity properties
- **Idempotency**: 매 same input 의 retry 가 매 single effect.
- **Atomicity**: 매 step 의 all-or-nothing — 매 partial commit 의 X.
- **Ordering**: 매 causally-dependent step 의 sequence 의 preserve.
- **Exactly-once effect**: 매 at-least-once delivery + idempotent handler.
- **Compensation**: 매 saga — 매 forward fail 의 rollback action.
### 매 failure modes
- **Crash mid-step**: 매 worker 의 die — 매 durable log 의 resume.
- **Duplicate delivery**: 매 message broker 의 redeliver — 매 idempotency key 의 dedupe.
- **Out-of-order**: 매 parallel branch 의 racing — 매 versioned write.
- **Network partition**: 매 split-brain — 매 fencing token 의 exclude stale leader.
### 매 응용
1. 매 payment processing — 매 charge + ledger + email 의 saga.
2. 매 onboarding workflow — 매 user create + Stripe customer + Slack notify.
3. 매 ETL pipeline — 매 extract + transform + load 의 retry safe.
4. 매 LLM agent loop — 매 tool call 의 durable resume.
## 💻 패턴
### Idempotency key (HTTP)
```typescript
import { Hono } from "hono";
const app = new Hono();
const seen = new Map<string, { status: number; body: unknown }>(); // 매 prod 의 Redis
app.post("/charge", async (c) => {
const key = c.req.header("Idempotency-Key");
if (!key) return c.json({ error: "Idempotency-Key required" }, 400);
const cached = seen.get(key);
if (cached) return c.json(cached.body, cached.status);
const result = await stripe.charges.create(await c.req.json());
seen.set(key, { status: 200, body: result });
return c.json(result);
});
```
### Temporal workflow (durable execution)
```typescript
import { proxyActivities, defineSignal, setHandler } from "@temporalio/workflow";
const { chargeCard, sendEmail, recordLedger } = proxyActivities<typeof activities>({
startToCloseTimeout: "30s",
retry: { maximumAttempts: 5, initialInterval: "1s", backoffCoefficient: 2 },
});
export async function processOrderWorkflow(orderId: string, amount: number) {
// 매 step 1: charge — 매 retry 의 idempotent (Stripe idempotency key)
const charge = await chargeCard({ orderId, amount });
// 매 step 2: ledger — 매 fail 시 charge 의 refund (compensation)
try {
await recordLedger({ orderId, chargeId: charge.id, amount });
} catch (err) {
await proxyActivities({ ...defaults, scheduleToCloseTimeout: "1m" })
.refundCard({ chargeId: charge.id });
throw err;
}
// 매 step 3: email — 매 fail 의 non-blocking (best effort)
await sendEmail({ orderId }).catch(() => {});
return { orderId, chargeId: charge.id };
}
```
### Saga compensation pattern
```typescript
class Saga {
private compensations: Array<() => Promise<void>> = [];
async run<T>(forward: () => Promise<T>, backward: (result: T) => Promise<void>): Promise<T> {
const result = await forward();
this.compensations.push(() => backward(result));
return result;
}
async rollback() {
for (const comp of this.compensations.reverse()) {
try { await comp(); }
catch (e) { logger.error("매 compensation failed", e); }
}
}
}
async function bookTrip() {
const saga = new Saga();
try {
const flight = await saga.run(() => bookFlight(), f => cancelFlight(f.id));
const hotel = await saga.run(() => bookHotel(), h => cancelHotel(h.id));
const car = await saga.run(() => bookCar(), c => cancelCar(c.id));
return { flight, hotel, car };
} catch (err) {
await saga.rollback();
throw err;
}
}
```
### Inngest function (event-driven durable)
```typescript
import { inngest } from "./client";
export const onUserSignup = inngest.createFunction(
{ id: "user-signup", retries: 3 },
{ event: "user/created" },
async ({ event, step }) => {
const customer = await step.run("create-stripe-customer", () =>
stripe.customers.create({ email: event.data.email })
);
await step.run("save-customer-id", () =>
db.user.update({ where: { id: event.data.userId }, data: { stripeId: customer.id } })
);
await step.sleep("wait-1h", "1h");
await step.run("send-welcome-email", () =>
resend.emails.send({ to: event.data.email, subject: "환영합니다", html: "..." })
);
}
);
```
### Outbox pattern (transactional message)
```typescript
async function createOrderWithOutbox(order: Order) {
await db.$transaction([
db.order.create({ data: order }),
db.outbox.create({ data: {
topic: "order.created",
payload: order,
status: "pending",
}}),
]);
// 매 separate worker 의 outbox 의 poll, 매 message broker 의 publish
}
// Worker
async function flushOutbox() {
const pending = await db.outbox.findMany({ where: { status: "pending" }, take: 100 });
for (const row of pending) {
await broker.publish(row.topic, row.payload);
await db.outbox.update({ where: { id: row.id }, data: { status: "sent", sentAt: new Date() } });
}
}
```
### Fencing token (split-brain prevention)
```typescript
async function acquireLockWithFencing(key: string, ttl: number): Promise<number> {
const token = await redis.incr(`fencing:${key}`); // 매 monotonic
const ok = await redis.set(`lock:${key}`, token, "PX", ttl, "NX");
if (!ok) throw new Error("매 lock held");
return token;
}
async function writeWithFence(key: string, value: unknown, fenceToken: number) {
// 매 storage layer 의 fence token 의 check — 매 stale leader 의 reject.
await db.execute(sql`
UPDATE resource SET value = ${value}, fence = ${fenceToken}
WHERE key = ${key} AND fence < ${fenceToken}
`);
}
```
### Exactly-once via dedupe table
```sql
CREATE TABLE message_dedupe (
message_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
processed_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now()
);
-- 매 handler 의 inside transaction
INSERT INTO message_dedupe(message_id) VALUES ($1)
ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING RETURNING message_id;
-- 매 RETURNING 의 empty 면 already processed.
```
## 매 결정 기준
| 상황 | Approach |
|---|---|
| 매 simple webhook | Idempotency key + dedupe table |
| 매 multi-step business workflow | Temporal / Inngest — durable execution |
| 매 cross-service transaction | Saga + compensation |
| 매 transactional msg dispatch | Outbox pattern mandatory |
| 매 leader election + write | Fencing token mandatory |
**기본값**: Inngest (small / event-driven) → Temporal (large / mission-critical) → Saga (cross-service).
## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Distributed Systems]]
- 변형: [[Saga]]
- 응용: [[Agent_Loop]]
- Adjacent: [[Idempotency]] · [[Durable_Execution]] · [[Event Sourcing Pattern|Event_Sourcing]] · [[CQRS]]
## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: 매 workflow design 의 review, 매 failure mode enumeration, 매 saga compensation 의 draft.
**언제 X**: 매 fencing token 의 storage check 의 hand-write — 매 race subtle.
## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Retry without idempotency**: 매 double-charge.
- **Atomicity by hope**: 매 try/catch 의 의지 — 매 crash 의 ignore.
- **Ordering via timestamp**: 매 clock skew — 매 logical clock 의 use.
- **Saga without compensation**: 매 partial state forever.
- **Outbox 의 skip**: 매 DB commit + publish 의 separate — 매 lost message.
## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (Temporal docs, Inngest engineering blog, Pat Helland "Life beyond Distributed Transactions").
- 신뢰도 A.
## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — full content with idempotency/Temporal/saga/outbox/fencing patterns |