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10_Wiki/Dev/Topic_Python/Python_Try_Except.md

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+---
+id: python-try-except
+title: "Python Try Except"
+category: "Programming_Language"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["exception handling", "raise", "finally", "파이썬 예외 처리"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.9
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["python", "programming", "w3schools", "exceptions", "try-except"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_try_except.asp"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[Python Try Except]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+try/except/else/finally each answer a distinct question — try (what might fail), except (what to do on failure), else (what to do on success), finally (what must ALWAYS run) — and finally is what guarantees cleanup like closing a file even when an error occurs. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **`try`** — tests a block of code for errors. [S1]
+- **`except`** — handles the error if the try block raises one. [S1]
+- **`else`** — runs only if the try block raised NO error. [S1]
+- **`finally`** — runs regardless of whether an error occurred. [S1]
+- **Multiple except blocks** — catch different error types differently (e.g. `except NameError:` vs. bare `except:`). [S1]
+- **`raise`** — explicitly throws an exception, optionally with a specific type (`TypeError`, custom `Exception`) and message. [S1]
+
+## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
+- **finally for resource cleanup** — the canonical example opens a file inside try, writes inside a nested try/except, and uses `finally: f.close()` to guarantee the file handle closes even if the write fails — the program never leaves a file open. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- Basic exception handling: `try: print(x) except: print("An exception occurred")`. [S1]
+- Multiple except types: `try: print(x) except NameError: print("Variable x is not defined") except: print("Something else went wrong")`. [S1]
+- else on success: `try: print("Hello") except: ... else: print("Nothing went wrong")`. [S1]
+- finally for cleanup: [S1]
+```python
+try:
+    f = open("demofile.txt")
+    try:
+        f.write("Lorum Ipsum")
+    except:
+        print("Something went wrong when writing to the file")
+    finally:
+        f.close()
+except:
+    print("Something went wrong when opening the file")
+```
+- Raising a custom exception: `x = -1; if x < 0: raise Exception("Sorry, no numbers below zero")`. [S1]
+- Raising a typed exception: `if not type(x) is int: raise TypeError("Only integers are allowed")`. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+소스에서 모순되는 정보는 발견되지 않음.
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — Python User Input 챕터에서 이 예외 처리가 사용자 입력 검증 루프에 직접 적용된다. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+finally guarantees cleanup (Python):
+```python
+try:
+    f = open("demofile.txt")
+    try:
+        f.write("Lorum Ipsum")
+    except:
+        print("Something went wrong when writing to the file")
+    finally:
+        f.close()
+except:
+    print("Something went wrong when opening the file")
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.90
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[Python Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[Python User Input]], [[Python File Handling]]
+- **참조 맥락:** 오류 처리의 표준 패턴 — 사용자 입력 검증, 파일 자원 정리에 직접 적용된다.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — Python Try Except — https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_try_except.asp
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "Python Try Except" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).