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10_Wiki/Dev/Topic_C/C_Do_While_Loop.md

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+---
+id: c-do-while-loop
+title: "C Do/While Loop"
+category: "Programming_Language"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["do while", "at-least-once loop", "scanf input validation loop", "C do-while 반복문"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.86
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["c", "programming-language", "w3schools", "loops", "do-while"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_do_while_loop.php"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[C Do/While Loop]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+The core difference from a regular `while` loop isn't cosmetic syntax — it's WHEN the condition is checked: `do/while` runs the body FIRST and evaluates the condition only AFTER, guaranteeing at least one execution even if the condition is false from the very start (`int i = 10; do {...} while (i < 5);` still runs once), which is exactly the opposite of the plain `while` loop's zero-iteration behavior shown in the previous chapter. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **`do { ... } while (condition);`** — executes the block ONCE unconditionally, then checks the condition to decide whether to repeat. [S1]
+- **Guaranteed first execution** — unlike `while`, the body runs at least once even if the condition is false immediately. [S1]
+- **Use case: "at least once" behavior** — ideal for scenarios like showing a message or prompting for user input, where the action must happen before any condition can even be evaluated. [S1]
+- **Input-validation pattern** — repeatedly prompting via `scanf()` until the user provides a value that fails the loop condition (e.g. entering 0 or negative to stop). [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- Standard case (condition true at start): `int i = 0; do { printf("%d\n", i); i++; } while (i < 5);`. [S1]
+- Guaranteed-once case (condition false at start): `int i = 10; do { printf("i is %d\n", i); i++; } while (i < 5);` — still prints once despite `i < 5` being false immediately. [S1]
+- Practical input-validation loop: `int number; do { printf("Enter a positive number: "); scanf("%d", &number); } while (number > 0);` — keeps prompting until 0 or a negative number is entered. [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+- **do/while은 조건과 무관하게 최소 1회 실행**: 일반 while 루프는 조건이 처음부터 거짓이면 아예 실행되지 않지만, do/while은 조건이 거짓이어도 반드시 한 번은 실행된다는 점이 직접 대비되어 강조됨. [S1]
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+사용자로부터 양수를 입력받되 0이나 음수가 입력될 때까지 반복해서 물어보는 입력 검증 루프가 원문에서 직접 실전 활용 사례로 제시됨. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+An input-validation loop that must prompt at least once before checking the exit condition (C):
+```c
+int number;
+do {
+  printf("Enter a positive number: ");
+  scanf("%d", &number);
+} while (number > 0);
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.86
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[C Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[C While Loop RealLife]], [[C For Loop]], [[C User Input]]
+- **참조 맥락:** while 루프의 변형 — for 루프(For Loop) 챕터로 이어짐, 사용자 입력(User Input) 챕터와 연결.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — C Do/While Loop — https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_do_while_loop.php
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "C Do/While Loop" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).