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10_Wiki/Dev/Topic_C/C_Conditions.md

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+---
+id: c-conditions
+title: "C If ... Else"
+category: "Programming_Language"
+status: "draft"
+verification_status: "conceptual"
+canonical_id: ""
+aliases: ["if statement", "lowercase if", "C 조건문"]
+duplicate_of: ""
+source_trust_level: "B"
+confidence_score: 0.86
+created_at: 2026-07-04
+updated_at: 2026-07-04
+review_reason: ""
+merge_history: []
+tags: ["c", "programming-language", "w3schools", "conditions", "if-statement"]
+raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_conditions.php"]
+applied_in: []
+github_commit: ""
+---
+
+# [[C If ... Else]]
+
+## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
+Case sensitivity isn't just a general C rule mentioned in passing — this chapter singles it out specifically for `if`, explicitly warning that `If` or `IF` will generate an error, meaning the keyword has zero tolerance for capitalization variants despite `if` being one of the most frequently typed words in any C program. [S1]
+
+## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
+- **Six comparison conditions** — `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `==`, `!=`, familiar from mathematics. [S1]
+- **Four conditional constructs** — `if` (run code if true), `else` (run if false), `else if` (test a new condition if the first is false), `switch` (many alternative code blocks). [S1]
+- **Case-sensitive keyword** — `if` must be lowercase; `If`/`IF` produce an error. [S1]
+- **Boolean-variable readability pattern** — storing a comparison's result in a `bool` variable before using it in `if` makes complex or reused conditions easier to read. [S1]
+
+## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
+- Basic if with literal values: `if (20 > 18) { printf("20 is greater than 18"); }`. [S1]
+- If with variables: `int x = 20; int y = 18; if (x > y) { printf("x is greater than y"); }`. [S1]
+- Using a boolean variable to hold the condition: `bool isGreater = x > y; if (isGreater) { printf("x is greater than y"); }` (requires `<stdbool.h>`). [S1]
+
+## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
+- **if는 반드시 소문자**: If나 IF처럼 대소문자를 다르게 쓰면 에러가 발생한다는 점이 명시적으로 경고됨. [S1]
+
+## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
+현재 발견된 실제 적용 사례가 없습니다 — 복잡하거나 재사용되는 조건을 bool 변수에 미리 담아두는 패턴이 가독성 있는 조건문 작성의 실전 관행이다. [S1]
+
+## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
+Storing a condition in a readable boolean variable before using it in an if statement (C):
+```c
+int x = 20;
+int y = 18;
+bool isGreater = x > y;
+if (isGreater) {
+  printf("x is greater than y");
+}
+```
+
+## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
+- **상태:** draft
+- **검증 단계:** conceptual
+- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
+- **신뢰 점수:** 0.86
+- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)
+
+## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
+- **상위/루트:** [[C Tutorial]]
+- **관련 개념:** [[C Booleans RealLife]], [[C Conditions Else]]
+- **참조 맥락:** 조건문 섹션 첫 챕터 — else 문(Conditions Else) 챕터로 이어짐.
+
+## 📚 출처 (Sources)
+- [S1] W3Schools — C If ... Else — https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_conditions.php
+
+## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
+- 2026-07-04: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "C If ... Else" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).