[[응용 행동 분석(ABA)], [행동 경제학], [교육 심리학의 행동주의 모델|응용 행동 분석(ABA)], [행동 경제학], [교육 심리학의 행동주의 모델]]

📌 Brief Summary
This topic explores the intersection of behavioral science disciplines that focus on the systematic study, prediction, and modification of observable behaviors. It integrates Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) for clinical intervention, Behavioral Economics for decision-making processes under cognitive biases, and Behaviorist Models in Educational Psychology for instructional design through reinforcement and conditioning.

📖 Core Content
* **Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): The Science of Reinforcement**
    * ABA is a clinical methodology rooted in operant conditioning, focusing on the functional relationship between environmental antecedents, behaviors, and consequences (the ABC model).
    * It utilizes systematic data collection to implement interventions such as Discrete Trial Training (DTT) and Natural Environment Teaching (NET).
    * The core objective is to increase socially significant behaviors and decrease maladaptive behaviors through continuous reinforcement schedules and stimulus control.

* **Behavioral Economics: The Psychology of Choice**
    * Unlike classical economics, which assumes "Homo Economicus" (rational agents), behavioral economics incorporates psychological insights to explain why individuals deviate from rationality.
    * Key mechanisms include **Heuristics** (mental shortcuts) and **Biases** (e.g., Loss Aversion, Present Bias, and Anchoring).
    * It employs "Nudge Theory" to design choice architectures that steer behavior toward optimal outcomes without restricting freedom of choice, leveraging the predictable irrationality of human decision-making.

* **Behaviorist Models in Educational Psychology: Instructional Design**
    * This domain applies Skinnerian principles to learning environments, emphasizing that learning is a change in observable behavior caused by external stimuli.
    * **Operant Conditioning in Classrooms:** The use of positive reinforcement (rewards), negative reinforcement (removal of aversive stimuli), and extinction (withholding reinforcement) to shape student responses.
    * **Programmed Instruction & Mastery Learning:** Breaking complex tasks into small, sequential steps (shaping) where immediate feedback serves as a reinforcer, ensuring students master one level before progressing.

* **Synthesis: The Unified Behavioral Framework**
    * While ABA focuses on individual clinical modification, Behavioral Economics analyzes aggregate population decision-making, and Educational Behaviorism structures the learning environment.
    * All three disciplines share a fundamental reliance on the **contingency of reinforcement**: the principle that behavior is shaped by its subsequent consequences within a structured environment.

🔗 Knowledge Connections
* Related Topics: [[Operant Conditioning|Operant Conditioning]], [[Nudge Theory|Nudge Theory]], [[Cognitive Biases|Cognitive Biases]], [[Reinforcement Schedules|Reinforcement Schedules]], [[Social Learning Theory|Social Learning Theory]]
* Projects/Contexts: [[Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Intervention|Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Intervention]], [[Public Policy Design|Public Policy Design]], [[Instructional Systems Design (ISD)|Instructional Systems Design (ISD)]], [[Choice Architecture in Digital UX|Choice Architecture in Digital UX]]
* Contradictions/Notes: A significant tension exists between pure Behaviorism and the "Cognitive Revolution"; while behaviorists focus on observable outputs, modern cognitive psychology emphasizes internal mental processes (mediating variables) that behaviorism traditionally ignores.

Last updated: 2026-04-16