---
id: css-2d-transform-skew-and-matrix
title: "CSS 2D Transform Skew and Matrix"
category: "Frontend"
status: "draft"
verification_status: "conceptual"
canonical_id: ""
aliases: ["skew()", "skewX()", "skewY()", "matrix()", "CSS skew", "2D matrix transform"]
duplicate_of: ""
source_trust_level: "B"
confidence_score: 0.88
created_at: 2026-06-23
updated_at: 2026-06-23
review_reason: ""
merge_history: []
tags: ["css", "web", "frontend", "w3schools", "transform", "2d-transform", "skew", "matrix"]
raw_sources: ["https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_2dtransforms_skew.asp"]
applied_in: []
github_commit: ""
---

# [[CSS 2D Transform Skew and Matrix]]

## 🎯 한 줄 통찰 (One-line insight)
The `skewX()`, `skewY()`, and `skew()` functions slant an element along the X- and/or Y-axis by a given angle, while `matrix()` combines all 2D transform methods (translate, rotate, scale, skew) into one six-value declaration. [S1]

## 🧠 핵심 개념 (Core concepts)
- **`skewX()`** — skews an element along the X-axis by the given angle. [S1]
- **`skewY()`** — skews an element along the Y-axis by the given angle. [S1]
- **`skew()`** — skews an element along both the X- and Y-axis; if the second parameter is omitted it defaults to zero. [S1]
- **`matrix()`** — combines all the 2D transform methods into one, taking six parameters in the order `matrix(scaleX(), skewY(), skewX(), scaleY(), translateX(), translateY())`. [S1]

## 🧩 추출된 패턴 (Extracted patterns)
- **Angular slant** — skew functions take angle values (`deg`); `skew(ax, ay)` slants along both axes at once. [S1]
- **Unified transform** — `matrix()` packs scale, skew, and translate into a single function call for compact combined transforms. [S1]

## 📖 세부 내용 (Details)
**The CSS `skewX()` Function**
The `skewX()` function skews an element along the X-axis by the given angle. The following example skews the `<div>` element 20 degrees along the X-axis: [S1]
```css
div {
  transform: skewX(20deg);
}
```

**The CSS `skewY()` Function**
The `skewY()` function skews an element along the Y-axis by the given angle. The following example skews the `<div>` element 20 degrees along the Y-axis: [S1]
```css
div {
  transform: skewY(20deg);
}
```

**The CSS `skew()` Function**
The `skew()` function skews an element along the X- and Y-axis by the given angles. The following example skews the `<div>` element 20 degrees along the X-axis, and 10 degrees along the Y-axis: [S1]
```css
div {
  transform: skew(20deg, 10deg);
}
```
If the second parameter is not specified, it has a zero value. So, the following example skews the `<div>` element 20 degrees along the X-axis: [S1]
```css
div {
  transform: skew(20deg);
}
```

**The CSS `matrix()` Function**
The `matrix()` function combines all the 2D transform methods into one. The `matrix()` method takes six parameters, containing mathematic functions, which allow you to rotate, scale, move (translate), and skew elements. The parameters are as follow: `matrix(scaleX(), skewY(), skewX(), scaleY(), translateX(), translateY())`. [S1]
```css
div {
  transform: matrix(1, -0.3, 0, 1, 0, 0);
}
```

**CSS Transform Properties**
The following table lists the CSS transform properties: [S1]

| Property | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `transform` | Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element |
| `transform-origin` | Allows you to change the position on transformed elements |

**CSS 2D Transform Functions**
The following table lists the 2D transform functions: [S1]

| Function | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| `matrix(n,n,n,n,n,n)` | Defines a 2D transformation, using a matrix of six values |
| `translate(x,y)` | Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the X- and Y-axis |
| `translateX(n)` | Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the X-axis |
| `translateY(n)` | Defines a 2D translation, moving the element along the Y-axis |
| `scale(x,y)` | Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the element's width and height |
| `scaleX(n)` | Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the element's width |
| `scaleY(n)` | Defines a 2D scale transformation, changing the element's height |
| `rotate(angle)` | Defines a 2D rotation, the angle is specified in the parameter |
| `skew(x-angle,y-angle)` | Defines a 2D skew transformation along the X- and the Y-axis |
| `skewX(angle)` | Defines a 2D skew transformation along the X-axis |
| `skewY(angle)` | Defines a 2D skew transformation along the Y-axis |

## 🛠️ 적용 사례 (Applied in summary)
The page applies skewing to a `<div>` (`skewX(20deg)`, `skewY(20deg)`, `skew(20deg, 10deg)`, `skew(20deg)`) and demonstrates a combined transform via `matrix(1, -0.3, 0, 1, 0, 0)`. No external project/commit applications found in the source.

## 💻 코드 패턴 (Code patterns)
Skew along axes (language: CSS):
```css
div {
  transform: skew(20deg, 10deg);
}
```
Combined matrix transform:
```css
div {
  transform: matrix(1, -0.3, 0, 1, 0, 0);
}
```

## ⚖️ 모순 및 업데이트 (Contradictions & updates)
No contradictions found in the source.

## ✅ 검증 상태 및 신뢰도
- **상태:** draft
- **검증 단계:** conceptual (실제 적용 사례 발견 시 applied/validated로 승격 가능)
- **출처 신뢰도:** B (W3Schools — widely used educational reference, not a primary standards body)
- **신뢰 점수:** 0.88
- **중복 검사 결과:** 신규 생성 (New discovery)

## 🔗 지식 그래프 (Knowledge Graph)
- **상위/루트:** [[CSS Tutorial]]
- **관련 개념:** [[CSS 2D Transform Scale]], [[CSS 3D Transforms]], [[CSS Transitions]]
- **참조 맥락:** Completes the CSS 2D transform set; `matrix()` is the low-level form into which the other 2D functions compile.

## 📚 출처 (Sources)
- [S1] W3Schools — CSS 2D Transform Skew and Matrix — https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_2dtransforms_skew.asp

## 📝 변경 이력 (Change history)
- 2026-06-23: Initial draft synthesized from the W3Schools "CSS 2D Transform Skew and Matrix" page (Astra wiki-curation, P-Reinforce v3.1 format).
