---
id: wiki-2026-0508-interaction-to-next-paint-inp
title: Interaction to Next Paint (INP)
category: 10_Wiki/Topics
status: verified
canonical_id: self
aliases: [INP, Interaction to Next Paint, web vital, FID replacement]
duplicate_of: none
source_trust_level: A
confidence_score: 0.95
verification_status: applied
tags: [web-vitals, inp, performance, frontend, core-web-vitals]
raw_sources: []
last_reinforced: 2026-05-10
github_commit: pending
tech_stack:
  language: JavaScript / TypeScript
  framework: web-vitals
---

# Interaction to Next Paint (INP)

## 매 한 줄
> **"매 user input → 매 next visible paint 의 latency"**. 2024-03 의 의 의 FID 의 replace. 매 Core Web Vitals member. 매 < 200ms 'good', < 500ms 'needs improvement'.

## 매 핵심

### 매 measurement
- 매 매 page session 의 of 의 모든 interaction 의 worst (P98).
- 매 input delay + processing + presentation delay.

### 매 응용
- SEO (Google ranking).
- UX.
- Form / button responsiveness.

## 💻 패턴

### Measure
```javascript
import { onINP } from 'web-vitals';
onINP(({ value, rating }) => {
  analytics.track('INP', { value, rating });  // 매 rating: 'good' | 'needs-improvement' | 'poor'
});
```

### Optimize: yield to main thread
```javascript
button.addEventListener('click', async () => {
  await scheduler.yield();  // 매 modern API
  // 매 매 chunk 의 의 의 yield
  for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
    if (i % 100 === 0) await scheduler.yield();
    process(items[i]);
  }
});
```

### Web Worker (heavy work)
```javascript
const worker = new Worker('heavy.js');
button.addEventListener('click', () => {
  worker.postMessage(data);
});
worker.onmessage = e => updateUI(e.data);
```

### Debounce / throttle
```javascript
function debounce(fn, ms) {
  let timer;
  return (...args) => {
    clearTimeout(timer);
    timer = setTimeout(() => fn(...args), ms);
  };
}

input.addEventListener('input', debounce(handleSearch, 300));
```

### React 18 useDeferredValue
```jsx
function Search({ query }) {
  const deferredQuery = useDeferredValue(query);
  const results = expensiveCompute(deferredQuery);
  return <Results items={results} />;
}
```

### Long Animation Frames API (debug)
```javascript
new PerformanceObserver(list => {
  for (const entry of list.getEntries()) {
    if (entry.duration > 50) {
      console.warn('Long task', entry);
    }
  }
}).observe({ type: 'long-animation-frame', buffered: true });
```

### Code splitting
```javascript
const HeavyComponent = lazy(() => import('./HeavyComponent'));
// 매 only loaded on demand
```

## 매 결정 기준
| 상황 | Approach |
|---|---|
| Heavy compute | Worker |
| Long task | scheduler.yield |
| Search input | Debounce + useDeferredValue |
| Initial bundle | Code split |

**기본값**: 매 measure with web-vitals + 매 yield + 매 worker for heavy + 매 < 200ms target.

## 🔗 Graph
- 부모: [[Core Web Vitals Optimization (INP, LCP, CLS)|Core-Web-Vitals]] · [[Google-Page-Experience-2025-Update]]
- 응용: [[GPU Acceleration (Compositing)]] · [[E-commerce-Optimization]]
- Adjacent: [[Core Web Vitals Optimization (INP, LCP, CLS)|First Input Delay (FID)]]

## 🤖 LLM 활용
**언제**: 매 web product. 매 SEO.
**언제 X**: 매 backend.

## ❌ 안티패턴
- **Synchronous heavy work on main thread**: 매 INP 폭발.
- **No measurement**: 매 invisible.
- **setTimeout(0) only**: 매 still on main.

## 🧪 검증 / 중복
- Verified (web.dev, web-vitals.js docs).
- 신뢰도 A.

## 🕓 Changelog
| 날짜 | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | Phase 1 |
| 2026-05-10 | Manual cleanup — INP + 매 yield / worker / debounce / React code |
